Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Hockenberry Rodgers

Wilson Test Bank

Chapter 1. Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The clinic nurse reviewing statistics on infant mortality the United State is for s versus other

countries. Compared with other countries that have a population of least 25 million, the nurse at

makes which determination?

a. The United States ranked last among 27 countries. is

b. The United States ranked similar 20 other developed countries. is to

c. The United States ranked the middle of 20 other developed countries. is in

d. The United States ranked highest among 27 other industrialized countries. is

ANS: A

Although the death rate has decreased, the United States still ranks last infant m in ortality among

nations with a population of least 25 million. The United States has the highest infant de at ath

rate of developed nations.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: . 6 dl

TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

2. Which the leading cause of death infants younger than 1 year the United States? is in in

a. Congenital anomalies

b. Sudden infant death syndrome

c. Disorders related short gestation and low birth weight to

d. Maternal complications specific the perinatal period to

ANS: A

Congenital anomalies account 20.1% of deaths infants younger than 1 year compared with for in

sudden infant death syndrome, which accounts 8.2%; disorders related short gestation and for to

unspecified low birth weight, which account 16.5%; and maternal complications such for as

infections specific the perinatal period, which account 6.1% of deaths infants younger to for in

than 1 year of age.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: . 7 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning dl

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

3. What the major cause of death children older than 1 year the United States? is for in

a. Heart disease

b. Childhood cancer

c. Unintentional injuries

d. Congenital anomalies

ANS: C

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Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through

adolescence. The leading cause of death those younger than 1 year congenital anomalies, for is

and childhood cancers and heart disease cause a significantly lower percentage of deaths in

children older than 1 year of age.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: . 7 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning dl

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

4. In addition injuries, what are the leading causes of death adolescents ages 15 t 19 year to in o s?

a. Suicide and cancer

b. Suicide and homicide

c. Drowning and cancer

d. Homicide and heart disease

ANS: B

Suicide and homicide account 16.7% of deaths this age group. Suicide and cancer account for in

for 10.9% of deaths, heart disease and cancer account approximately 5.5%, and homicide and for

heart disease account 10.9% of the deaths this age group. for in

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: . 7 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning dl

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

5. The nurse planning a teaching session adolescents about deaths by unintentional injuries. is to

Which should the nurse include the session with regard deaths caused by injuries? in to

a. More deaths occur males. in

b. More deaths occur females. in

c. The pattern of deaths does not vary according age and sex. to

d. The pattern of deaths does not vary widely among different ethnic groups.

ANS: A

The majority of deaths unintentional injuries occur males. The pattern of death does var from in y

greatly among different ethnic groups, and the causes of unintentional deaths vary with age and

gender.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: pp. 7-8

TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion d Maintenance an

6. What do mortality statistics describe?

a. Disease occurring regularly within a geographic location

b. The number of individuals who have died over a specific period

c. The prevalence of specific illness the population a particular time in at

d. Disease occurring more than the number of expected cases a community in in

ANS: B

Mortality statistics refer the number of individuals who have died over a specifi to c period.

Morbidity statistics show the prevalence of specific illness the population a par in at ticular time.

Data regarding disease within a geographic region, greater than expected numbers a or in in

community, extrapolated analyzing the morbidity statistics. may be from

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: . 3 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning dl

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

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7. The nurse should assess which age group suicide ideation since suicide which age group for in

is the third leading cause of death?

a. Preschoolers

b. Young school age

c. Middle school age

d. Late school age and adolescents

ANS: D

Suicide the third leading cause of death children ages 10 t 19 years; therefore, the age is in o

group should be late school age and adolescents. Suicide not one of the leading causes of death is

for preschool and young or middle school-aged children.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: . 6 dl

TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

8. Parents of a hospitalized toddler ask the nurse, What meant by family-centered care is ? The

nurse should respond with which statement?

a. Family-centered care reduces the effect of cultural diversity on the family.

b. Family-centered care encourages family dependence on the health care system.

c. Family-centered care recognizes that the family the constant a childs li is in fe.

d. Family-centered care avoids expecting families part of the decision-making proc to be ess.

ANS: C

The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration, and support.

Family-centered care recognizes the family the constant the childs life. T as in he family should

be enabled and empowered work with the health care system and expected be part of the to is to

decision-making process. The nurse should also support the familys cultural diversity, not reduce

its effect.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: . 8 dl

TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

9. The nurse describing clinical reasoning a group of nursing students. Which is to is most

descriptive of clinical reasoning?

a. Purposeful and goal directed

b. A simple developmental process

c. Based on deliberate and irrational thought

d. Assists individuals guessing what most appropriate in is

ANS: A

Clinical reasoning a complex developmental process based on rational and deliberate t is hought.

When thinking clear, precise, accurate, relevant, consistent, and fair, a logical connec is tion

develops between the elements of thought and the problem at hand.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: . 12 dl

TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

10. Evidence-based practice (EBP), a decision-making model, best described is as which?

a. Using information textbooks guide care in to

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b. Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition

c. Using a professional code of ethics a means decision making as for

d. Gathering all evidence that applies the childs health and family situation to

ANS: B

EBP helps focus on measurable outcomes; the use of demonstrated, effective interventions; and

questioning what the best approach. EBP involves decision making based on data, not is all

evidence on a particular situation, and involv the latest available data. Nurses use es can

textbooks determine areas of concern and potential involvement. to

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: . 11 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning dl

MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

11. Which best describes signs and symptoms part of a nursing diagnosis? as

a. Description of potential risk factors

b. Identification of actual health problems

c. Human response state of illness or health to

d. Cues and clusters derived patient assessment from

ANS: D

Signs and symptoms are the cues and clusters of defining characteristics that are derived from a

patient assessment and indicate actual health problems. The first part of the nursing diagnosis is

the problem statement, also known the human response the state of illness or health. The as to

identification of actual health problems be part of the medical diagnosis. The nursing may

diagnosis based on the human response these problems. The human response therefore a is to is

component of the nursing diagnostic statement. Potential risk factors are used identif to y nursing

care needs avoid the development of actual health problem when a potential one exists. to an

DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: . 13 dl

TOP: Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation

MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

12. The nurse talking a group of parents of school-age children after-school program is to at an

about childhood health problems. Which statement should the nurse include the teaching? in

a. Childhood obesity the most common nutritional problem among children. is

b. Immunization rates are the same among children of different races and ethnicity.

c.

Dental caries not a problem commonly seen children since the introduction of fluorida is in ted

water.

d.

Mental health problems are typically not seen school-age children but be diagnosed in may in

adolescents.

ANS: A

When teaching parents of school-age children about childhood health problems, the nurse should

include information about childhood obesity because the most common problem among it is

children and associated with type 2 diabetes. Teaching parents about ways prevent obesit is to is y

important include. Immunization rates differ depending on the childs race and ethnicity; to dental

caries continues a common chronic disease childhood; and mental health problems are to be in

seen children young a school age, not just in as s in adolescents.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: . 3 dl

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TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

13. The nurse planning care a hospitalized preschool-aged child. Which should the nurse is for

plan ensure atraumatic care? to

a. Limit explanation of procedures because the child preschool aged. is

b. Ask that family members leave the room when performing procedures. all

c. Allow the child choose the type of juice drink with the administration of oral medicat to to ions.

d.

Explain that EMLA cream cannot be used the morning draw because there not time for lab is for

it to be effective.

ANS: C

The overriding goal providing atraumatic care first, do no harm. Allowing the child a choice in is

of juice drink when taking oral medications provides the child with a sense of control. The to

preschool child should be prepared before procedures, limiting explanations of procedures so

would increase anxiety. The family should be allowed stay with the child during procedures, to

minimizing stress. Lidocaine/prilocaine (EMLA) cream a topical local a is nesthetic. The nurse

should plan use the prescribed cream time morning laboratory draws minimize pain. to in for to

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: pp. 8-9 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

14. Whi situation denotes a nontherapeutic nursepatientfamily relationship? ch

a. The nurse planning read a favorite fairy tale a patient. is to to

b. During shift report, the nurse criticizing parents for not visiting their child. is

c. The nurse discussing with a fellow nurse the emotional draw a certain patient. is to

d.

The nurse working with a family find ways decrease the familys dependence on healt is to to h

care providers.

ANS: B

Criticizing parents not visiting shift report nontherapeutic and shows for in is an

underinvolvement with the parents. Reading a fairy tale a therapeutic and age appropriate is

action. Discussing feelings of emotional draw with a fellow nurse therapeutic and s an is hows a

willingness understand feelings. Working with parents decrease dependence on health car to to e

providers therapeutic and helps empower the family. is to

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing REF: . 9 TOP: Integrated Process: Caring dl

MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

15. The nurse aware that which age group risk childhood injury because of the is is at for

cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking?

a. Preschool

b. Young school age

c. Middle school age

d. Adolescent

ANS: A

Preschool children have the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking, meaning

they are unable comprehend danger self or others. Young and middle school-aged children to to

have transitional cognitive processes, and they may attempt dange acts without detaile rous d

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planning but recognize danger themselves or others. Adolescents have formal operational to

cognitive processes and are preoccupied with abstract thinking.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: . 4 dl

TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

16. The school nurse assessing children risk factors related childhood injuries. Whic is for to h

child has the most risk factors related childhood injury? to

a. Female, multiple siblings, stable home life

b. Male, high activity level, stressful home life

c. Male, even tempered, history of previous injuries

d. Female, reacts negatively new situations, no serious previous injuries to

ANS: B

Boys have a preponderance injuries over girls because of a difference behavioral for in

characteristics, a high activity temperament associated with risk-taking be is haviors, and stress

predisposes children increased risk taking and self-destructive behaviors. Therefor to e, a male

child with a high activity level and living a stressful environment has the highest number of in

risk factors. A girl with several siblings and a stable home life low risk. A boy wi is th previous

injuries has two risk factors, but even temper not a risk factor injuries. A girl w an is for ho reacts

negatively new situations but has no previous serious illnesses has only one risk factor. to

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing REF: . 4 dl

TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

17. The school nurse evaluating the number of school-age children classified obese. The is as

nurse recognizes that the percentile of body mass index that classifies a child obes as is greater e

than which?

a. 50th percentile

b. 75th percentile

c. 80th percentile

d. 95th percentile

ANS: D

Obesity children and adolescents defined a body mass index or greater than the 95th in is as at

percentile youth of the same age and gender. for

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: . 3 TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation dl

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

18. The nurse teaching parents about the types of behaviors children exhibit when living with is

chronic violence. Which statement made by the parents indicates further teaching is needed?

a. We should watch aggressive play. for

b. Our child show lasting symptoms of stress. may

c. We know that our child will show caring behaviors.

d. Our child have difficulty concentrating school. may in

ANS: C