HESI PN Med Surge Exam | Questions and Answers |Latest 2020 / 2021

1.     After a permanent pacemaker is inserted, a client's discharge teaching plan includes the client goal of "The client will verbalize symptoms of pacemaker failure." Which symptoms are most important for the practical nurse (PN) to reinforce with the client?       

ANS: Feelings of dizziness

2.     The health care provider prescribes codeine USP 60 mg every 4 hours for a client who is 3 days postoperative. The pharmacy has available codeine USP 30 mg/tablet. How many tablets should the practical nurse administer? Fill in the blank. (Type numbers only as your answer.)      

ANS: 2 tabs

3.     The practical nurse is caring for a client who is 3 days postoperative. Which intervention should the nurse implement to decrease the possibility of the client developing hypercalcemia? (Select all that apply.)     

ANS: Remind the client to ambulate around the room at least three times daily.

Increase fluid intake.

4.     Which technique should the practical nurse (PN) include when reinforcing instruction with a client about self-examination for melanoma?      

ANS: Observe skin moles for changes

5.     Twelve hours after chest tube insertion for hemothorax, the practical nurse (PN) observes that the client's drainage has decreased from 50 to 5 mL/hour. What is the best initial action for the PN to take?     

ANS: Assess for kinks or dependent loops in the tubing.

6.     A client's infusion of normal saline infiltrated earlier today, and approximately 500 mL of saline infused into the subcutaneous tissue. The client is now complaining of excruciating arm pain and demanding "stronger pain medications." What initial action is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to take? 

ANS: Measure the pulse volume and capillary refill distal to the infiltration.

7.     The practical nurse is caring for a client with a serum potassium level of 3 mEq/L. Which findings should the nurse report to the charge nurse? (Select all that apply.)     

ANS: Abnormal heart rhythms

Muscle cramps

8.     A practical nurse (PN) prepares to administer 5 units of Regular insulin and 15 units of NPH insulin to a diabetic client. In which order should the actions be implemented when preparing the injection? (Arrange from first on top to last on bottom).    

ANS: 1. Perform hand hygiene according to facility policy.

2. Inspect insulin vials for type and expiration dates.

3. Inject 15 units of air into NPH insulin vial.

4.Inject 5 units of air into Regular insulin vial.

5.Withdraw 5 units of Regular insulin from vial.

6.Withdraw 15 units of NPH insulin from vial.

9.     Which action by the nurse is consistent with culturally competent care?    

ANS: Understanding one's own world views in addition to the client's

10.  The practical nurse receives a shift report that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit. Which findings that are consistent with fluid volume deficit should the nurse document? (Select all that apply.)  

ANS: Tachycardia

Cool skin

Decreased urine output

Increased thirst\

11.  A client is returning to the oncology unit after receiving radiation to the brain. The practical nurse (PN) should observe this client for which problem during the early posttherapy days?   

ANS: Headache

12.  After attending a class on reducing cancer risk factors, a client selects bran flakes, 2% milk, and orange slices from a breakfast menu. In evaluating the client's learning, the practical nurse (PN) affirms that the client has made good choices and makes what additional recommendation?         

ANS: Switch to skim milk.

13.  A male client asks the practical nurse to help choose dinner from the menu so that he eats a diet that is rich in potassium. Which food should the nurse encourage the client to choose? (Select all that apply.)        

ANS: Green beans

Milk

Flounder

Sweet potatoes

Cantaloupe

14.  Three days after surgery, a male client suddenly grabs his right chest and becomes short of breath, pale, and diaphoretic. The practical nurse (PN) immediately assesses his vital signs and obtains 100/80 mm Hg blood pressure, 110 beats/min heart rate, and 36 breaths/min respiratory rate. What action is most important for the PN to take next?     

ANS: Apply oxygen at 2 liters per nasal cannula.