West Coast University, ANAT 260 Anatomy Final Exam Review. Read Just Before The Finals. Rated A Study Guide

The study of tissue?

 Histology

 What are two examples of microscopic anatomy?

 Cytology (study of cell structure), histology

 Regional anatomy?

 Study of structures in one area

 Systemic anatomy:

 Study of a group of structures

 Radiographic anatomy

 Must use a special instrument to study like CT, MRI etc.

 Levels of organization

 Molecular/chemical, organelles, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

 What organs are in the dorsal cavity?

 Brain & spinal cord

 What does the ventral cavity include?

 All visceral organs

 What cavity contains most of the peritoneum in our body?

 Abdominal cavity

 What separates the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity?

 The diaphragm

 The thoracic cavity consists of 4 cavities, what are they?

 Pleural cavity (2 lungs), pericardial (heart), mediastinal (space btwn apex of

lungs)

 What does the abdominopelvic cavity contain?

 Peritoneal cavity, which is lined by peritoneal membrane-holds the most

digestive organs

 What makes up the cell membrane (AKA phospholipid bilayer)?

 Phospholipids, glycolipids, protein and cholesterol

 Selective Permeability?

 Cell membranes are considered selective permeable; they permit free

passage of some materials

 When you have 2 or more cells, how do they connect?

 Cell junctions- gap junction, tight junction or desmosomes

 What is mitosis and name the four stages?

 Nuclear division of somatic cells

 PMAT (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)

 Name the 4 tissue types

 Epithelial, connective, muscular, neural

 About how many cells are there in the human body?

 Over 75 trillion

 Define simple squamous epithelial

 One layer, hexagonal, lines body cavities, reduces friction

 Where would you find transitional epithelial?

 Bladder, lungs

 Two components of connective tissue?

 Specialized cells, matrix

 Name the functions of CT?

 Establishing the structural framework of the body, transporting fluid and

dissolved materials, protecting organs, supporting, surrounding, and connecting

other tissues, storing energy, defending the body from microorganisms

 Tendons

 Connect muscle to bone

 Aponeuroses

 Connect muscle to muscle

 Ligaments

 Connect bone to bone

 True or false: Blood is a type of connective tissue.

 True

 Name 3 types of muscle tissue?

 Skeletal, cardiac, smooth

 The epidermis cell type is considered?

 Stratified squamous epithelium

 What layer of the epidermis is known as thick skin and where can you find it?

 Stratum Lucidum – palms and soles of feet

 Only part of hair that you can see is called the?

 Shaft

 Arrector Pili Muscle

 Smooth muscle, involuntary, contracts when you pull hair from skim

 Sebaceous gland

 Regulated by hormones, location: always close to hair follicle (product of

sebum)

 What function does sebum have?

 Oil, lubrication, prevents bacteria from growing on skin surface

 What causes skin color?

 Blood supply to the skin

 Thickness of stratum corneum

 Various concentrations of carotene and melanin

 What is the most severe injury to the skin?

 Burn

 What can cause skin burn?

 Heat, radiation, electrical shock, chemical agents and extensive exposure to

the sun at midday

 3 common fingerprint patters

 loops, whorls, arches