HESI RN EXIT EXAM V1-V7

1. Following discharge teaching, a male client with duodenal ulcer tells the nurse the

he will drink plenty of dairy products, such as milk, to help coat and protect his

ulcer. What is the best follow-up action by the nurse?

Review with the client the need to avoid foods that are rich in milk and

cream

2. A male client with hypertension, who received new antihypertensive

prescriptions at his last visit returns to the clinic two weeks later to evaluate his

blood pressure (BP). His BP is 158/106 and he admits that he has not been taking

the prescribed medication because the drugs make him “feel bad”. In explaining

the need for hypertension control, thenurse should stress that an elevated BP

places the client at risk for which pathophysiological condition?

Stroke secondary to hemorrhage

3. The nurse observes an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) positioning a

newly admitted client who has a seizure disorder. The client is supine and the

UAP is placing soft pillows along the side rails. What action should the nurse

implement?

Instruct the UAP to obtain soft blankets to secure to the side rails

insteadof pillows.

4. An adolescent with major depressive disorder has been taking duloxetine

(Cymbalta)for the past 12 days. Which assessment finding requires immediate

follow-up?

Describes life without purpose

5. A 60-year-old female client with a positive family history of ovarian cancer has

developed an abdominal mass and is being evaluated for possible ovarian

cancer. Her Papanicolau (Pap) smear results are negative. What information

should the nurse include in the client’s teaching plan?

Further evaluation involving surgery may be needed

6. A client who recently underwear a tracheostomy is being prepared for discharge

tohome. Which instructions is most important for the nurse to include in the

discharge plan?

Teach tracheal suctioning techniques

7. In assessing an adult client with a partial rebreather mask, the nurse notes that

theoxygen reservoir bag does not deflate completely during inspiration and the

client’s respiratory rate is 14 breaths / minute. What action should the nurse

implement?

Document the assessment data

Rational: reservoir bag should not deflate completely during

inspiration andthe client’s respiratory rate is within normal limits.

8. During shift report, the central electrocardiogram (EKG) monitoring system

alarms. Which client alarm should the nurse investigate firs?

Respiratory apnea of 30 seconds

9. During a home visit, the nurse observed an elderly client with diabetes slip and

fall.What action should the nurse take first?

Check the client for lacerations or fractures

10. At 0600 while admitting a woman for a schedule repeat cesarean section (CSection), the client tells the nurse that she drank a cup a coffee at 0400 because she

wanted toavoid getting a headache. Which action should the nurse take first?

Inform the anesthesia care provider

11. After placing a stethoscope as seen in the picture, the nurse auscultates S1 and

S2 heart sounds. To determine if an S3 heart sound is present, what action

should the nurse take first?

Listen with the bell at the same location

12. A 66-year-old woman is retiring and will no longer have a health insurance

through her place of employment. Which agency should the client be referred

to by the employee health nurse for health insurance needs?

Medicare

13. A client who is taking an oral dose of a tetracycline complains of

gastrointestinalupset. What snack should the nurse instruct the client to take

with the tetracycline?

Toasted wheat bread and jelly

14. Following a lumbar puncture, a client voices several complaints. What

complaint indicated to the nurse that the client is experiencing a

complication?

“I have a headache that gets worse when I sit up”

“I am having pain in my lower back when I move my legs”

“My throat hurts when I swallow”

“I feel sick to my stomach and am going to throw up”

15. An elderly client seems confused and reports the onset of nausea, dysuria,

andurgency with incontinence. Which action should the nurse implement?

Obtain a clean catch mid-stream specimen

16. The nurse is assisting the mother of a child with phenylketonuria (PKU) to select

foods that are in keeping with the child’s dietary restrictions. Which foods are

contraindicated for this child?

Foods sweetened with aspartame

17. Before preparing a client for the first surgical case of the day, a part-time

scrub nurse asks the circulating nurse if a 3 minute surgical hand scrub is

adequate preparation for this client. Which response should the circulating

nurse provide?

Direct the nurse to continue the surgical hand scrub for a 5 minute duration

18. Which breakfast selection indicates that the client understands the nurse’s

instructions about the dietary management of osteoporosis?

Bagel with jelly and skim milk

19. The charge nurse of a critical care unit is informed at the beginning of the shift

that less than the optimal number of registered nurses will be working that shift.

In planning assignments, which client should receive the most care hours by a

registered nurse(RN)?

An 82-year-old client with Alzheimer’s disease newly-fractures femur

who has a Foley catheter and soft wrist restrains applied

20. A mother brings her 6-year-old child, who has just stepped on a rusty nail, to the

pediatrician’s office. Upon inspection, the nurse notes that the nail went through

theshoe and pierced the bottom of the child’s foot. Which action should the

nurse implement first?

Cleanse the foot with soap and water and apply an antibiotic ointment

Provide teaching about the need for a tetanus booster within the next 72

hours.

have the mother check the child's temperature q4h for the next 24 hours

transfer the child to the emergency department to receive a gamma

globulin injection

21. The mother of an adolescent tells the clinic nurse, “Myson has athlete’s foot, I

have been applying triple antibiotic ointment for two days, but there has been no

improvement.” What instruction should the nurse provide?

Stop using the ointment and encourage complete drying of the feet and

wearing clean socks.

22. A 26-year-old female client is admitted to the hospital for treatment of a

simple goiter, and levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid) is prescribed. Which

symptoms indicate to the nurse that the prescribed dosage is too high for this

client? The client experiences

Bradycardia and constipation

Lethargy and lack of appetite

Muscle cramping and dry, flushed skin

Palpitations and shortness of breath

23. A client with a history of heart failure presents to the clinic with a nausea,

vomiting, yellow vision and palpitations. Which finding is most important for

the nurse to assess to the client?

Obtain a list of medications taken for cardiac history

24. The healthcare provider prescribes an IV solution of isoproterenol (Isuprel) 1 mg

in 250 ml of D5W at 300 mcg/hour. The nurse should program the infusion

pump to deliver how many ml/hour? (Enter numeric value only.)

75

Rationale: Convert mg to mcg and use the formula D/H x Q. 300

mcg/hour / 1,000 mcg x 250 ml = 3/1 x 25 = 75 ml/hour

25. The pathophysiological mechanism are responsible for ascites related to liver

failure? (Select all that apply)

Fluid shifts from intravascular to interstitial area due to decreased serum

protein

Increased hydrostatic pressure in portal circulation increases fluid

shifts into abdomen

Increased circulating aldosterone levels that increase sodium and water

retention

26. The nurse is auscultating a client’s heart sounds. Which description should the

nurse use to document this sound? (Please listen to the audio first to select the

optionthat applies)

Murmur

Rationale: A murmur is auscultated as a swishing sound that is associated

with the blood turbulence created by the heart or valvular defect.

27. The healthcare provider prescribes celtazidime (Fortax) 35 mg every 8 hours IM

for an infant. The 500 mg vial is labeled with the instruction to add 5.3 ml

diluent to provide a concentration of 100 mg/ml. How many ml should the

nurse administered for eachdose? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is

required, round to the nearest tenth)

0.4

rationale: 35mg/100mg x 1 = 0.35 = 0.4 ml

28. The nurse notes that a client has been receiving hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

every six hours for four days. What assessment is most important for the

nurse to complete?

Auscultate the client's bowel sounds

Observe for edema around the ankles

Measure the client’s capillary glucose level

Count the apical and radial pulses simultaneously

Rationale: hydromorphone is a potent opioid analgesic that slows

peristalsis and frequently causes constipation, so it is most important to

Auscultate the client's bowel sounds

29. A female client is admitted with end stage pulmonary disease is alert,

oriented, and complaining of shortness of breath. The client tells the nurse

that she wants “noheroic measures” taken if she stops breathing, and she asks

the nurse to document this in her medical record. What action should the

nurse implement?

Ask the client to discuss “do not resuscitate” with her healthcare provider

30. A client is receiving a full strength continuous enteral tube feeding at 50

ml/hour and has developed diarrhea. The client has a new prescription to

change the feeding to half strength. What intervention should the nurse

implement?

Add equal amounts of water and feeding to a feeding bag and infuse at

50ml/hour

31. A female client reports that her hair is becoming coarse and breaking off, that

the outer part of her eyebrows have disappeared, and that her eyes are all

puffy. Which follow-up question is best for the nurse to ask?

Have you noticed any changes in your fingernails?

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