NUR 2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology

NUR2063 Exam 1

What is compartment syndrome?

- results from increased pressure in an internal compartment, usually the

muscle fascia in the case of fractures. Pressure impinges on the nerves and

blood vessels

What is a fat embolism?

- when fat enters bloodstream from fracture or surgery. fatal if it travels to

lungs, brain or heart. manifestations include hypoxemia, neuro dysfunction,

petechia on head or trunk.

What is osteomyelitis

- infection of the bone. can take months to resolve, delays healing, and can

result in bone or tissue necrosis

what is osteonecrosis

- also, avascular necrosis-death of bone tissue due to a loss of the blood supply

to that tissue.

what is a sprain?

- Injury to ligament (connects bone to bone)

what is a strain?

- injury to a tendon or muscle (muscle to bone)

what are the most prevalent Extracellular electrolytes?

- Na+, Cl-, bicarb. Low in K+ and Mg+

what are the most prevalent Intracellular electrolytes?

- K+, Mg+, low in Na+