NR 565 / NR565 Advanced

Pharmacology Final Exam Review |

Already Rated A | Latest, 2021/2022|

Chamberlain College

1. gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

- common disorder characterized by heartburn and acid regurgitation.

2. Major groups of GERD

- erosive esophagitis and

- non-erosive reflux disease (NERD).

3. Drug of choice for GERD

- Proton Pump Inhibitors;

4. Cimetidine use for GERD

- drug of choice for relieving symptoms.; does little to hasten healing.

5. Proton Pump Inhibitor MOA

- irreversibly blocking hydrogen and the amount of HCl produced by the stomach

6. Proton Pump Inhibitor Prototype Drug

- Omeprazole

7. PPI AE

- Pneumonia,

- FX,

- Rebound Acid Hypersecretion,

- Hypomagnesemia

8. PPI Monitoring

- Magnesium (Hypomagnesimia)

9. PPI Drug Interaction

- Clopidogrel (Plavix)

10. Antidiarrheal drugs fall into two major groups

- (1) specific antidiarrheal drugs: Treat the underlying causative agent

- (2) nonspecific antidiarrheal drugs: Treat the symptom but do not treat the agent

11. Opioids (antidiarrheals)

- most effective antidiarrheal agents;

- activating opioid receptors in the GI tract,

- these drugs decrease intestinal motility and thus slow down intestinal transit,

which allows more time for absorption of fluid and electrolytes.

12. diphenoxylate (Lomotil, others) and loperamide (Imodium, others)

- most frequently employed opioids for diarrhea

13. Diphenoxylate (Lomotil)

- Opioid Antidiarrheal; Formulated w/ atropine to discourage abuse

14. Diphenoxylate (Lomotil) MOA

15. Loperamide (Imodium)

- Opioid Antidiarrheal; Meperidine analog

16. Loperamide (Imodium) MOA

- treat diarrhea and reduce the volume of discharge from ileostomies.

- Benefits derive from suppressing bowel motility and from suppressing fluid

secretion into the intestinal lumen.

17. Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)

- -popular over-the-counter medication that can be used for upset stomach,

diarrhea, heartburn, and general indigestion.

- -antibacterial and antisecretory properties; used to treat traveler's diarrhea

18. Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) Contraindication

- contraindicated in children or teenagers during or after recovery from chickenpox

or flu-like illness due to the risk of Reye's syndrome and in individuals with

aspirin hypersensitivity