ATI Nutrition Review
ATI Nutrition Review – Rasmussen University {Prof. Fitzgerald}
Nutritional Principles
● Macronutrients: carbs, fat, proteins- need all 3!
○ If a patient cannot eliminate them, they must know to limit the
amount, but not completely cut them out.
● Saturated fatty acids are solid at room-temperature
○ Found in animal sources
○ Increased levels may be associated with CAD
● Complete proteins are from animal sources and soy and have all 9
essential amino acids
● Water soluble: Vitamins B and C
● Fat soluble: A D E K
○ Need fat to absorb them, the more the better.
● BMR is affected by lean body mass and hormone and body surface area
age sex also contribute to the BMR
● BMI: weight/height^2. kg/m^2 or lbs/in^2 x 703
○ Categories:
■ 18.5 or lower= underweight
■ 18.5-24.9= healthy
■ 25-29.9= overweight
■ 30 or greater= obese
● Increased BMR: pregnancy, lean muscles, hyperthyroid, rapid growth,
fever, burns- will need for more calories to burn off faster
● Decreased BMR: starvation, hypothyroid, opioid use- less calories needed
Food Selection
● Vitamin A: fatty fish, egg yolk, butter, cream, yellow and orange fruits
and veggies will help with night blindness
● Fiber: plants- high fiber is needed for constipation!
● Potassium: oranges, dried fruits, tomatoes, avocado, peas, meats,
broccoli, bananas, dairy, whole grains, potatoes.
○ May be used with diuretics except for K sparing, then we will
decrease potassium
○ Not used with ACE inhibitors due to potential for hyperkalemia
○ No pee, No K! Cannot use with those with AKI as they body retains
more causing arrhythmias
○ Salt substitutes are high in potassium
● Folate: liver, dark green leafy vegetables, collard greens, OJ, legumes.
○ Prevents neural tube defects= good for pregnancy
● B12: meat, shellfish, eggs, dairy - animals only
○ Vegans may be deficient and need replacement
● Calcium: dairy, kale, fortified grains
○ Needed in older adults to prevent osteoporosis
● Iron: red meat, fish, green leafy vegetables, enriched bread pasta, dried
fruit, egg yolk.
○ Needed in pregnancy and when patients have low H/H
○ If taking supplements:
■ Drink with straw
■ Rinse mouth out after
■ Drink vitamin C to help absorption
■ Avoid calcium use as it impairs absorption
■ Teach patient about stools turning black
● Vitamin C: citrus
○ Needed for immunity
● Cannot find food= may need it to be enriched.
● Client should read labels and make lists when shopping
● Best way to get nutrients is in the well-balanced diet, supplements are
not the best
Category | Exam (elaborations) |
Authors | Qwivy.com |
Pages | 9 |
Language | English |
Tags | ATI Nutrition Review – (Latest 2021 -2022) Rasmussen | Qwivy |
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