Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 4th Edition Kyle Carman Test Bank

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Child Health and Pediatric Nursing

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A nurse is planning a teaching session for parents of preschool children. Which

statement explains why the nurse should include information about morbidity and

mortality?

a. Life-span statistics are included in the data.

b. It explains effectiveness of treatment.

c. Cost-effective treatment is detailed for the general population.

d. High-risk age groups for certain disorders or hazards are identified.

ANS: D

Analysis of morbidity and mortality data provides the parents with information about

which groups of individuals are at risk for which health problems. Life-span statistics is a

part of the mortality data. Treatment modalities and cost are not included in morbidity

and mortality data.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply REF: 6-8

TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning

MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

2. A clinic nurse is planning a teaching session about childhood obesity prevention for

parents of school-age children. The nurse should include which associated risk of obesity

in the teaching plan?

a. Type I diabetes

b. Respiratory disease

c. Celiac disease

d. Type II diabetes

ANS: D

Childhood obesity has been associated with the rise of type II diabetes in children. Type I

diabetes is not associated with obesity and has a genetic component. Respiratory disease

is not associated with obesity, and celiac disease is the inability to metabolize gluten in

foods and is not associated with obesity.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply REF: 3

TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning

MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

3. Which is the leading cause of death in infants younger than 1 year?

a. Congenital anomalies

b. Sudden infant death syndrome

c. Respiratory distress syndrome

d. Bacterial sepsis of the newborn

ANS: A

Congenital anomalies account for 20.1% of deaths in infants younger than 1 year. Sudden

infant death syndrome accounts for 8.2% of deaths in this age group. Respiratory distress

syndrome accounts for 3.4% of deaths in this age group. Infections specific to the

perinatal period account for 2.7% of deaths in this age group.

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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 7

TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

4. Which leading cause of death topic should the nurse emphasize to a group of AfricanAmerican boys ranging in ages 15 to 19 years?

a. Suicide

b. Cancer

c. Firearm homicide

d. Occupational injuries

ANS: C

Firearm homicide is the second overall cause of death in this age group and the leading

cause of death in African-American males. Suicide is the third-leading cause of death in

this population. Cancer, although a major health problem, is the fourth-leading cause of

death in this age group. Occupational injuries do not contribute to a significant death rate

for this age group.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand REF: 5 | 8

TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning

MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

5. Which is the major cause of death for children older than 1 year?

a. Cancer

b. Heart disease

c. Unintentional injuries

d. Congenital anomalies

ANS: C

Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through

adolescence. Congenital anomalies are the leading cause of death in those younger than 1

year. Cancer ranks either second or fourth, depending on the age group, and heart disease

ranks fifth in the majority of the age groups.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 8

TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning

MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

6. Which is the leading cause of death from unintentional injuries for females ranging in

age from 1 to 14?

a. Mechanical suffocation

b. Drowning

c. Motorvehicle-related fatalities

d. Fire- and burn-related fatalities

ANS: C

Motorvehicle-related fatalities are the leading cause of death for females ranging in age

from 1 to 14, either as passengers or as pedestrians. Mechanical suffocation is fourth or

fifth, depending on the age. Drowning is the second- or third-leading cause of death,

depending on the age. Fire- and burn-related fatalities are the second-leading cause of

death.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 4

TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

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7. Which factor most impacts the type of injury a child is susceptible to, according to the

childs age?

a. Physical health of the child

b. Developmental level of the child

c. Educational level of the child

d. Number of responsible adults in the home

ANS: B

The childs developmental stage determines the type of injury that is likely to occur. The

childs physical health may facilitate the childs recovery from an injury but does not

impact the type of injury. Educational level is related to developmental level, but it is not

as important as the childs developmental level in determining the type of injury. The

number of responsible adults in the home may affect the number of unintentional injuries,

but the type of injury is related to the childs developmental stage.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand REF: 3-4

TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning

MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

8. Which is now referred to as the new morbidity?

a. Limitations in the major activities of daily living

b. Unintentional injuries that cause chronic health problems

c. Discoveries of new therapies to treat health problems

d. Behavioral, social, and educational problems that alter health

ANS: D

The new morbidity reflects the behavioral, social, and educational problems that interfere

with the childs social and academic development. It is currently estimated that the

incidence of these issues is from 5% to 30%. Limitations in major activities of daily

living and unintentional injuries that result in chronic health problems are included in

morbidity data. Discovery of new therapies would be reflected in changes in morbidity

data over time.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 3

TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

9. A nurse on a pediatric unit is practicing family-centered care. Which is most

descriptive of the care the nurse is delivering?

a. Taking over total care of the child to reduce stress on the family

b. Encouraging family dependence on health care systems

c. Recognizing that the family is the constant in a childs life

d. Excluding families from the decision-making process

ANS: C

The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration, and support.

Family-centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the childs life. Taking over

total care does not include the family in the process and may increase stress instead of

reducing stress. The family should be enabled and empowered to work with the health

care system. The family is expected to be part of the decision-making process.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 8

TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

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10. The nurse is preparing an in-service education to staff about atraumatic care for

pediatric patients. Which intervention should the nurse include?

a. Prepare the child for separation from parents during hospitalization by reviewing a

video.

b. Prepare the child before any unfamiliar treatment or procedure by demonstrating on a

stuffed animal.

c. Help the child accept the loss of control associated with hospitalization.

d. Help the child accept pain that is connected with a treatment or procedure.

ANS: B

Preparing the child for any unfamiliar treatments, controlling pain, allowing privacy,

providing play activities for expression of fear and aggression, providing choices, and

respecting cultural differences are components of atraumatic care. In the provision of

atraumatic care, the separation of child from parents during hospitalization is minimized.

The nurse should promote a sense of control for the child. Preventing and minimizing

bodily injury and pain are major components of atraumatic care.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand REF: 9

TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC: Area of Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

11. Which is most suggestive that a nurse has a nontherapeutic relationship with a patient

and family?

a. Staff is concerned about the nurses actions with the patient and family.

b. Staff assignments allow the nurse to care for same patient and family over an extended

time.

c. Nurse is able to withdraw emotionally when emotional overload occurs but still

remains committed.

d. Nurse uses teaching skills to instruct patient and family rather than doing everything

for them.

ANS: A

An important clue to a nontherapeutic staff-patient relationship is concern of other staff

members. Allowing the nurse to care for the same patient over time would be therapeutic

for the patient and family. Nurses who are able to somewhat withdraw emotionally can

protect themselves while providing therapeutic care. Nurses using teaching skills to

instruct patient and family will assist in transitioning the child and family to self-care.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze REF: 9

TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC: Area of Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

12. Which is most descriptive of clinical reasoning?

a. A simple developmental process

b. Purposeful and goal-directed

c. Based on deliberate and irrational thought

d. Assists individuals in guessing what is most appropriate

ANS: B

Clinical reasoning is a complex, developmental process based on rational and deliberate

thought. Clinical reasoning is not a developmental process. Clinical reasoning is based on

rational and deliberate thought. Clinical reasoning is not a guessing process.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand REF: 12