How diuretics work: Mechanism of action - Blockade of sodium and chloride reabsorption Site of action: Proximal tubule produces greatest diuresis Adverse Effects of Diuretics - Hypovolemia - Acid-base imbalance - Electrolyte imbalances Classification of diuretics - Loop: Furosemide Thiazide: Hydrochlorothiazide Osmotic: Mannitol Potassium-sparing: Two subcategories -Aldosterone antagonists (spironolactone) -Nonaldosterone antagonists (triamterene) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors Loop Diuretics - Furosemide (Lasix): Most frequently prescribed loop diuretic Uses: Pulmonary edema Edematous states Hypertension