Test Bank - Focus on Nursing

Pharmacology 8th Edition by

Karch

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Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (8th Edition by Karch) 1

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

1

Chapter 01 - Introduction to Drugs

Chapter 02 - Drugs and the Body

Chapter 03 - Toxic Effects of Drugs

Chapter 04 - The Nursing Process in Drug Therapy and Patient Safety

Chapter 05 - Dosage Calculations

Chapter 06 - Challenges to Effective Drug Therapy

Chapter 07 - Introduction to Cell Physiology

Chapter 08 - Antiinfective Agents

Chapter 09 - Antibiotics

Chapter 10 - Antiviral Agents

Chapter 11 - Antifungal Agents

Chapter 12 - Antiprotozoal Agents

Chapter 13 - Anthelmintic Agents

Chapter 14 - Antineoplastic Agents

Chapter 15 - Introduction to the Immune Response and Inflammation

Chapter 16 - Antiinflammatory, Antiarthritis, and Related Agents

Chapter 17 - Immune Modulators

Chapter 18 - Vaccines and Sera

Chapter 19 - Introduction to Nerves and the Nervous System

Chapter 20 - Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Agents

Chapter 21 - Antidepressant Agents

Chapter 22 - Psychotherapeutic Agents

Chapter 23 - Antiseizure Agents

Chapter 24 - Antiparkinsonism Agents

Chapter 25 - Muscle Relaxants

Chapter 26 - Narcotics, Narcotic Antagonists, and Antimigraine Agents

Chapter 27 - General and Local Anesthetic Agents

Chapter 28 - Neuromuscular Junction Blocking Agents

Chapter 29 - Introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System

Chapter 30 - Adrenergic Agonists

Chapter 31 - Adrenergic Antagonists

Chapter 32 - Cholinergic Agonists

Chapter 33 - Anticholinergic Agents

Chapter 34 - Introduction to the Endocrine System

Chapter 35 - Hypothalamic and Pituitary Agents

Chapter 36 - Adrenocortical Agents

Chapter 37 - Thyroid and Parathyroid Agents

Chapter 38 - Agents to Control Blood Glucose Levels

Chapter 39 - Introduction to the Reproductive System

Chapter 40 - Drugs Affecting the Female Reproductive System

Chapter 41 - Drugs Affecting the Male Reproductive System

Chapter 42 - Introduction to the Cardiovascular System

Chapter 43 - Drugs Affecting Blood Pressure

Chapter 44 - Agents for Treating Heart Failure

Chapter 45 - Antiarrhythmic Agents

Chapter 46 - Antianginal Agents

Chapter 47 - Lipid-Lowering Agents

Chapter 48 - Drugs Affecting Blood Coagulation

Chapter 49 - Drugs Used to Treat Anemias

Chapter 50 - Introduction to the Renal System

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Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (8th Edition by Karch) 2

Chapter 51 - Diuretic Agents

Chapter 52 - Drugs Affecting the Urinary Tract and the Bladder

Chapter 53 - Introduction to the Respiratory System

Chapter 54 - Drugs Acting on the Upper Respiratory Tract

Chapter 55 - Drugs Acting on the Lower Respiratory Tract

Chapter 56 - Introduction to the Gastrointestinal System

Chapter 57 - Drugs Affecting Gastrointestinal Secretions

Chapter 58 - Drugs Affecting Gastrointestinal Motility

Chapter 59 - Antiemetic Agents

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Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (8th Edition by Karch) 3

Chapter 01 - Introduction to Drugs

A nurse working in radiology administers iodine to a patient who is having a computed tomography(CT)

scan. The nurse working on the oncology unit administers chemotherapy to patients who have

cancer. At the Public Health Department, a nurse administers a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR)

vaccine to a 14-month-old child as a routine immunization. Which branch of pharmacology best

describes the actions of all three nurses?

Pharmacoeconomics

Pharmacotherapeutics

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacokinetics

Ans: B

Feedback:

Pharmacology is the study of the biologic effects of chemicals. Nurses are involved with clinical

pharmacology or pharmacotherapeutics, which is a branch of pharmacology that deals with the uses of

drugs to treat, prevent, and diagnose disease. The radiology nurse is administering a drug to help

diagnose a disease. The oncology nurse is administering a drug to help treat a disease.

Pharmacoeconomics includes any costs involved in drug therapy. Pharmacodynamics involves how a

drug affects the body and pharmacokinetics is how the body acts on the body.

A physician has ordered intramuscular (IM) injections of morphine, a narcotic, every 4 hours as neededfor

pain in a motor vehicle accident victim. The nurse is aware this drug has a high abuse potential.

Under what category would morphine be classified?

Schedule I

Schedule II

Schedule III

Schedule IV

Ans: B

Feedback:

Narcotics with a high abuse potential are classified as Schedule II drugs because of severe dependence

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Table of Contents Chapter 01 - Introduction to Drugs Chapter 02 - Drugs and the Body Chapter 03 - Toxic Effects of Drugs Chapter 04 - The Nursing Process in Drug Therapy and Patient Safety Chapter 05 - Dosage Calculations Chapter 06 - Challenges to Effective Drug Therapy Chapter 07 - Introduction to Cell Physiology Chapter 08 - Antiinfective Agents Chapter 09 - Antibiotics Chapter 10 - Antiviral Agents Chapter 11 - Antifungal Agents Chapter 12 - Antiprotozoal Agents Chapter 13 - Anthelmintic Agents Chapter 14 - Antineoplastic Agents Chapter 15 - Introduction to the Immune Response and Inflammation Chapter 16 - Antiinflammatory, Antiarthritis, and Related Agents Chapter 17 - Immune Modulators Chapter 18 - Vaccines and Sera Chapter 19 - Introduction to Nerves and the Nervous System Chapter 20 - Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Agents Chapter 21 - Antidepressant Agents Chapter 22 - Psychotherapeutic Agents Chapter 23 - Antiseizure Agents Chapter 24 - Antiparkinsonism Agents Chapter 25 - Muscle Relaxants Chapter 26 - Narcotics, Narcotic Antagonists, and Antimigraine Agents Chapter 27 - General and Local Anesthetic Agents Chapter 28 - Neuromuscular Junction Blocking Agents Chapter 29 - Introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System Chapter 30 - Adrenergic Agonists Chapter 31 - Adrenergic Antagonists Chapter 32 - Cholinergic Agonists Chapter 33 - Anticholinergic Agents Chapter 34 - Introduction to the Endocrine System Chapter 35 - Hypothalamic and Pituitary Agents Chapter 36 - Adrenocortical Agents Chapter 37 - Thyroid and Parathyroid Agents Chapter 38 - Agents to Control Blood Glucose Levels Chapter 39 - Introduction to the Reproductive System Chapter 40 - Drugs Affecting the Female Reproductive System Chapter 41 - Drugs Affecting the Male Reproductive System Chapter 42 - Introduction to the Cardiovascular System Chapter 43 - Drugs Affecting Blood Pressure Chapter 44 - Agents for Treating Heart Failure Chapter 45 - Antiarrhythmic Agents Chapter 46 - Antianginal Agents Chapter 47 - Lipid-Lowering Agents Chapter 48 - Drugs Affecting Blood Coagulation Chapter 49 - Drugs Used to Treat Anemias Chapter 50 - Introduction to the Renal System Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (8th Edition by Karch) 1 833 849 866 883 900 917 933 949 965 Chapter 51 - Diuretic Agents Chapter 52 - Drugs Affecting the Urinary Tract and the Bladder Chapter 53 - Introduction to the Respiratory System Chapter 54 - Drugs Acting on the Upper Respiratory Tract Chapter 55 - Drugs Acting on the Lower Respiratory Tract Chapter 56 - Introduction to the Gastrointestinal System Chapter 57 - Drugs Affecting Gastrointestinal Secretions Chapter 58 - Drugs Affecting Gastrointestinal Motility Chapter 59 - Antiemetic Agents Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (8th Edition by Karch) 2 Chapter 01 - Introduction to Drugs 1. A nurse working in radiology administers iodine to a patient who is having a computed tomography (CT) scan. The nurse working on the oncology unit administers chemotherapy to patients who have cancer. At the Public Health Department, a nurse administers a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine to a 14-month-old child as a routine immunization. Which branch of pharmacology best describes the actions of all three nurses? A) Pharmacoeconomics B) Pharmacotherapeutics C) Pharmacodynamics D) Pharmacokinetics Ans: B Feedback: Pharmacology is the study of the biologic effects of chemicals. Nurses are involved with clinical pharmacology or pharmacotherapeutics, which is a branch of pharmacology that deals with the uses of drugs to treat, prevent, and diagnose disease. The radiology nurse is administering a drug to help diagnose a disease. The oncology nurse is administering a drug to help treat a disease. Pharmacoeconomics includes any costs involved in drug therapy. Pharmacodynamics involves how a drug affects the body and pharmacokinetics is how the body acts on the body. 2. A physician has ordered intramuscular (IM) injections of morphine, a narcotic, every 4 hours as needed for pain in a motor vehicle accident victim. The nurse is aware this drug has a high abuse potential. Under what category would morphine be classified? A) Schedule I B) Schedule II C) Schedule III D) Schedule IV Ans: B Feedback: Narcotics with a high abuse potential are classified as Schedule II drugs because of severe dependence Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (8th Edition by Karch) 3 liability. Schedule I drugs have high abuse potential and no accepted medical use. Schedule III drugs have a lesser abuse potential than II and an accepted medical use. Schedule IV drugs have low abuse potential and limited dependence liability. 3. When involved in phase III drug evaluation studies, what responsibilities would the nurse have? A) Working with animals who are given experimental drugs B) Choosing appropriate patients to be involved in the drug study C) Monitoring and observing patients closely for adverse effects D) Conducting research to determine effectiveness of the drug Ans: C Feedback: Phase III studies involve use of a drug in a vast clinical population in which patients are asked to record any symptoms they experience while taking the drugs. Nurses may be responsible for helping collect and analyze the information to be shared with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) but would not conduct research independently because nurses do not prescribe medications. Use of animals in drug testing is done in the preclinical trials. Select patients who are involved in phase II studies to participate in studies where the participants have the disease the drug is intended to treat. These patients are monitored closely for drug action and adverse effects. Phase I studies involve healthy human volunteers who are usually paid for their participation. Nurses may observe for adverse effects and toxicity. 4. What concept is considered when generic drugs are substituted for brand name drugs? A) Bioavailability B) Critical concentration C) Distribution D) Half-life Ans: A Feedback: Bioavailability is the portion of a dose of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation and is available to act on body cells. Binders used in a generic drug may not be the same as those used in the brand name drug. Therefore, the way the body breaks down and uses the drug may differ, which may eliminate a generic drug substitution. Critical concentration is the amount of a drug that is needed to cause a therapeutic effect and should not differ between generic and brand name medications. Distribution is the phase of pharmacokinetics, which involves the movement of a drug to the body’s tissues and is the Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (8th Edition by Karch) 4 same in generic and brand name drugs. A drug’s half-life is the time it takes for the amount of drug to decrease to half the peak level, which should not change when substituting a generic medication. 5. A nurse is assessing the patient’s home medication use. After listening to the patient list current medications, the nurse asks what priority question? A) Do you take any generic medications? B) Are any of these medications orphan drugs? C) Are these medications safe to take during pregnancy? D) Do you take any over-the-counter medications? Ans: D Feedback: It is important for the nurse to specifically question use of over-the-counter medications because patients may not consider them important. The patient is unlikely to know the meaning of orphan drugs unless they too are health care providers. Safety during pregnancy, use of a generic medication, or classification of orphan drugs are things the patient would be unable to answer but could be found in reference books if the nurse wishes to research them. 6. After completing a course on pharmacology for nurses, what will the nurse know? A) Everything necessary for safe and effective medication administration B) Current pharmacologic therapy; the nurse will not require ongoing education for 5 years. C) General drug information; the nurse can consult a drug guide for specific drug information. D) The drug actions that are associated with each classification of medication Ans: C Feedback: After completing a pharmacology course nurses will have general drug information needed for safe and effective medication administration but will need to consult a drug guide for specific drug information before administering any medication. Pharmacology is constantly changing, with new drugs entering the market and new uses for existing drugs identified. Continuing education in pharmacology is essential to safe practice. Nurses tend to become familiar with the medications they administer most often, but there will always be a need to research new drugs and also those the nurse is not familiar with because no nurse knows all medications. Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (8th Edition by Karch) 5 7. A nurse is instructing a pregnant patient concerning the potential risk to her fetus from a Pregnancy Category B drug. What would the nurse inform the patient? A) Adequate studies in pregnant women have demonstrated there is no risk to the fetus. B) Animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus, but there have been no adequate studies in pregnant women. C) Animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, but there are no adequate studies in pregnant women. D) There is evidence of human fetal risk, but the potential benefits from use of the drug may be acceptable despite potential risks. Ans: B Feedback: Category B indicates that animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus. However, there have not been adequate studies in pregnant women to demonstrate risk to a fetus during the first trimester of pregnancy and no evidence of risk in later trimesters. Category A indicates that adequate studies in pregnant women have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus in the first trimester or in later trimesters. Category C indicates that animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, but no adequate studies in humans. Category D reveals evidence of human fetal risk, but the potential benefits from the use of the drugs in pregnant women may outweigh potential risks. 8. Discharge planning for patients leaving the hospital should include instructions on the use of over-the- counter (OTC) drugs. Which comment by the patient would demonstrate a good understanding of OTC drugs? A) OTC drugs are safe and do not cause adverse effects if taken properly. B) OTC drugs have been around for years and have not been tested by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). C) OTC drugs are different from any drugs available by prescription and cost less. D) OTC drugs could cause serious harm if not taken according to directions. Ans: D Feedback: It is important to follow package directions because OTCs are medications that can cause serious harm if not taken properly. OTCs are drugs that have been determined to be safe when taken as directed; however, all drugs can produce adverse effects even when taken properly. They may have originally been prescription drugs that were tested by the FDA or they may have been grandfathered in when the Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (8th Edition by Karch) 6 FDA laws changed. OTC education should always be included as a part of the hospital discharge instructions. 9. What would be the best source of drug information for a nurse? A) Drug Facts and Comparisons B) A nurse’s drug guide C) A drug package insert D) The Physicians’ Drug Reference (PDR) Ans: B Feedback: A nurse’s drug guide provides nursing implications and patient teaching points that are most useful to nurses in addition to need-to-know drug information in a very user friendly organizational style.Lippincott’s Nursing Drug Guide (LNDG) has drug monographs organized alphabetically and includes nursing implications and patient teaching points. Numerous other drug handbooks are also on the market and readily available for nurses to use. Although other drug reference books such as Drug Facts and Comparisons, PDR, and drug package inserts can all provide essential drug information, they will not contain nursing implications and teaching points and can be more difficult to use than nurse’s drug guides