EMT FISDAP FINAL EXAM –QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (2022)/EMT FISDAP FINAL Exam Answered Questions 2022

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answers-2022

What is the amount of air that normally reaches the alveoli in an adult? Correct Answer: 350ml

How much air is in the average adult ventilation? Correct Answer: 500ml

How much air is lost in the area of dead space when an adult is ventilating? Correct Answer: 150ml

A 67 year old male complains of mild respiratory distress. He smokes 4 packs of cigarettes a day and

reports a consistent cough and frequent respiratory infections. Chest sounds reveal bilateral rhonchi.

What should you suspect? Correct Answer: Chronic bronchitis

EXPLANATION: chronic bronchitis is long term inflammation of the bronchioles. Excessive mucus and pus

production leads to obstructed airways. the consistent cough is the body's response to clear the airway

obstruction

An unresponsive 43 year old male is cool, pale, diaphoretic, and breathing 6 times a minute. which

device should you use to administer oxygen? Correct Answer: Bag-valve mask

EXPLANATION: He is unresponsive and breathing too slow. This is a "sick" patient and assisting his

ventilation should be the first intervention. You can increase his respiratory rate with a bag-valve mask.

diaphoretic Correct Answer: Characterized by profuse sweating.

Nasal cannula delivers about what percentage of oxygen Correct Answer: 20-44%

What are the structures that branch off of the trachea into the lower airway? Correct Answer: Bronchi

EXPLANATION: the trachea splits at the carina into the left and right bronchus. The bronchi get smaller

and smaller until it reaches the terminal bronchioles where the alveoli are located.

What is the normal range of breaths per minute for an adult Correct Answer: 12-20

A febrile 44 year old male complains of shortness of breath and has dull chest pain. he has been

coughing up "rusty" sputum for the last 3 days. what is the most likely cause? Correct Answer:

Pneumonia

EXPLANATION: Pneumonia is an infection of the lung tissue and the "rusty" sputum (spit) is a sign of a

lower airway infection. He is febrile (has a fever) from an immune response to the infection, and the

"dull" chest pain is a common symptom at the location of the infection.

A 42 year old male complains of shortness of breath after being sprayed with super-heated steam. He

has burns to his face, neck and upper chest. Vitals signs are BP 112/66, P 124, R 26 shallow and labored.

What should you do? Correct Answer: Assists his ventilations

EXPLANATION: He is in respiratory failure. His breathing is ineffective because his respirations are fast

and shallow. Shallow respirations do not allow for adequate oxygen exchange because the air is not

drawn down far enough into the lungs. Assisting his breathing with positive pressure ventilations will

help reduce any developing pulmonary edema from the lower airway burns.

What is the term for abnormal breath sounds that result from an obstructed upper airway? Correct

Answer: Stridor

How should you insert a nasopharyngeal airway? Correct Answer: Face the bevel toward the septum

Also know to only use water-soluble lubricants when inserting a NPA, no oil-based lubricants

The use of accessory muscles and nasal flaring are signs of what type of breathing? Correct Answer:

Labored breathing

Expect to initially see an increases respiratory rate ad heart rate with labored breathing. As the patient

begins to tire, the respiratory rate and the quality will begin to decrease, which worsens the problem.

What are the small air sacs at the end of the airway that are responsible for gas exchange? Correct

Answer: Alveoli

A 53 year old male is sleepy, diaphoretic, difficult to arouse and breathing 8 times a minute. What do

you suspect? Correct Answer: Respiratory failure

What is directly posterior to the nose? Correct Answer: Nasopharynx

The nasopharynx connects the opening of the nostrils to the soft palate, which is located at the back of

the mouth. This passage is designed to warm up inhaled air and filters out fine particulate matter

What is the name of the muscular structure the divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity?

Correct Answer: Diaphragm

What is the most common location for an airway obstruction? Correct Answer: Pharynx

This passageway is shared by air and food, so it is a common site for a partial of complete obstruction,

which could be food or a flaccid tongue.

What part of the respiratory system contains the vocal cords? Correct Answer: Larynx

This structure is directly above the trachea.

What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult? Correct Answer: 12-20