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Student Exploration: Density Laboratory

Vocabulary: buoyancy, density, graduated cylinder, mass, matter, scale, volume

Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)

1.

2. Why do some objects float, while others sink?

- When an object is denser that the water/liquid it’s in, it sinks, when it’s

less dense, it floats.

Gizmo Warm-up

The Density Laboratory Gizmo allows you to measure a variety of objects,

then drop them in water (or other liquid) to see if they sink or float.

1. An object’s mass is the amount of matter it contains. Mass can be

measured with a calibrated scale like the one shown in the Gizmo. Drag

the first object onto the Scale. (This is object 1.)

What is the mass of object 1? 19.5g

2. An object’s volume is the amount of space it takes up. The volume of an irregular object

can be measured by how much water it displaces in a graduated cylinder.

A. What is the initial volume of water in the cylinder? 400ml

B. Place object 1 into the cylinder. What is the volume in the cylinder now? 414ml

C. What is the volume of the object? 14ml = 14cm3

Of the objects below, circle the ones you think would float in water.

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Note: While milliliters (mL) are used to measure liquid volumes, the equivalent unit cubic

centimeters (cm3

) are used for solids. Therefore, write the volume of object 1 in cm3

.

Activity A:

Float or sink?

 Get the Gizmo ready:

• Drag object 1 back to the shelf.

• Check that Liquid density is set to 1.0 g/mL.

Question: How can you predict whether an object will float or sink?

1. Observe: Experiment with the different objects in the Gizmo. Observe the mass and volume

each object, then drag it into the Beaker of liquid to see if it floats or sinks. (Notice a pin

holds objects in the graduated cylinder, whether they sink or float.) Try to determine what

the floating objects have in common and what the sinking objects have in common.

2. Form hypothesis: Compare the floating objects, then do the same for the sinking objects.

A. What do the floating objects have in common?

o They’re all less dense that the liquid.

B. What do the sinking objects have in common?

o They’re all denser than the liquid.

3. Collect data: Measure the mass and volume of objects 1 through 12, and record whether they

float or sink in the table below. Leave the last column blank for now.

Object Mass (g) Volume (cm3

) Float or sink? Density (g/cm3

)

1 19.5 14.0 Sink 1.39

2 11.0 9.0 Sink 1.22

3 4 .0 5.0 Float 0.80

4 135.0 7.0 Sink 19.29

5 4.0 3.5 Sink 1.14

6 78.0 29.0 Sink 2.69

7 2.0 21.0 Float 0.10

8 24.0 26.0 Float 0.92

9 99.0 44.0 Sink 2.25

10 42.0 61.0 Float 0.69

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