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Maternity HESI RN

1. A 38-week primigravida who works as a secretary and sits at a computer for 8 hours each day

tells the nurse that her feet have begun to swell. Which instruction would bemost effective in

preventing pooling of blood in the lower extremities?

Move about every hour

Pooling of blood in the lower extremities results from the enlarged uterus exerting pressure on

the pelvic veins. Moving about every hour will straighten out the pelvicveins and increase

venous return.

2. A 26-year-old, gravida 2, para 1 client is admitted to the hospital at 28-weeks gestationin

preterm labor. She is given 3 doses of terbutaline sulfate (Brethine) 0.25 mg subcutaneously to

stop her labor contractions. The nurse plans to monitor for which primary side effect of

terbutaline sulfate?

Tachycardia and a feeling of nervousness

Terbutaline sulfate (Brethine), a beta-sympathomimetic drug, stimulates beta-adrenergicreceptors

in the uterine muscle to stop contractions. The beta-adrenergic agonist properties of the drug may

cause tachycardia, increased cardiac output, restlessness, headache, and a feeling of

"nervousness".

3. When do the anterior and posterior fontanels close?

anterior fontanel closes at 12 to 18 months and the posterior by the end of the secondmonth.

4. When assessing a client who is at 12-weeks gestation, the nurse recommends that sheand her

husband consider attending childbirth preparation classes. When is the best time for the couple

to attend these classes?

30 weeks gestation

at 30 weeks gestation is closest (of the options) to the time parents would be ready forsuch

classes. Learning is facilitated by an interested pupil! The couple is most interested in

childbirth toward the end of the pregnancy when they are psychologicallyready for the

termination of the pregnancy, and the birth of their child is an immediate concern.

5. The nurse should encourage the laboring client to begin pushing when...the

cervix is completely dilated.

Pushing begins with the second stage of labor, i.e., when the cervix is completely dilated at 10

cm (C). If pushing begins before the cervix is completely dilated the cervixcan become

edematous and may never completely dilate, necessitating an operative

2

delivery. Many primigravida’s begin active labor 100% effaced and then proceed todilate.

6. The nurse instructs a laboring client to use accelerated-blow breathing. The client begins to

complain of tingling fingers and dizziness. What action should the nurse take?

Have the client breathe into her cupped hands

Tingling fingers and dizziness are signs of hyperventilation (blowing off too much carbon

dioxide). Hyperventilation is treated by retaining carbon dioxide. This can befacilitated by

breathing into a paper bag or cupped hands.

7. Twenty-four hours after admission to the newborn nursery, a full-term male infant develops

localized edema on the right side of his head. The nurse knows that, in the newborn, an

accumulation of blood between the periosteum and skull which does notcross the suture line

is a newborn variation known as...

a cephalohematoma, caused by forceps trauma and may last up to 8 weeks.

Cephalohematoma, a slight abnormal variation of the newborn, usually arises within the first 24

hours after delivery. Trauma from delivery causes capillary bleeding between theperiosteum and

the skull.

8. When does the head return to its normal shape?

7-10 days

9. What did Nurse theorist Reva Rubin describe?

The initial postpartum period as the "taking-in phase," which is characterized by maternal

reliance on others to satisfy the needs for comfort, rest, nourishment, andcloseness to families

and the newborn.

10. A couple, concerned because the woman has not been able to conceive, is referred to ahealthcare

provider for a fertility workup and a hysterosalpingography is scheduled. Which post procedure

complaint indicates that the fallopian tubes are patent?

Shoulder pain

If the tubes are patent (open), pain is referred to the shoulder from a sub diaphragmatic

collection of peritoneal dye/gas.

11. Which nursing intervention is most helpful in relieving postpartum uterine contractions or

"afterpains?"

Lying prone with a pillow on the abdomen

Lying prone keeps the fundus contracted and is especially useful with multiparas, whocommonly

experience afterpains due to lack of uterine tone.

3

12. Which maternal behavior is the nurse most likely to see when a new mother receivesher

infant for the first time?

Her arms and hands receive the infant and she then traces the infant's profile with herfingertips.

Attachment/bonding theory indicates that most mothers will demonstrate behaviors described in

during the first visit with the newborn, which may be at delivery or later.

13. A client at 32-weeks gestation is hospitalized with severe pregnancy-induced hypertension

(PIH), and magnesium sulfate is prescribed to control the symptoms.Which assessment

finding indicates the therapeutic drug level has been achieved?

A decreased in respiratory rate from 24 to 16

Magnesium sulfate, a CNS depressant, helps prevent seizures. A decreased respiratoryrate

indicates that the drug is effective. (Respiratory rate below 12 indicates toxic effects.)

14. Urinary output must be monitored when administering magnesium sulfate and should beat least

30 ml per hour. (The therapeutic level of magnesium sulfate for a PIH client is

4.8 to 9.6 mg/dl.) What is the therapeutic level of magnesium sulfate?

The therapeutic level of magnesium sulfate for a PIH client is 4.8 to 9.6 mg/dl.What does

it help prevent? helps prevent seizures

What indicates toxic levels? 3

Respiratory rate below 12 indicates toxic effects.

Urine output of less than 100 ml/4 hours

Absent DTRs

15. Twenty minutes after a continuous epidural anesthetic is administered, a laboring client's blood

pressure drops from 120/80 to 90/60. What action should the nurse take?

Place woman in a lateral position

The nurse should immediately turn the woman to a lateral position, place a pillow or wedge

under the right hip to deflect the uterus, increase the rate of the main line IV infusion, and

administer oxygen by face mask at 10-12 L/min. If the blood pressure remains low, especially if it

further decreases, the anesthesiologist/healthcare providershould be notified immediately.

16. A client at 28-weeks gestation calls the antepartum clinic and states that she is experiencing a

small amount of vaginal bleeding which she describes as bright red. Shefurther states that she is

not experiencing any uterine contractions or abdominal pain. What instruction should the nurse

provide?

Come to the clinic today for an ultrasound

4

Third trimester painless bleeding is characteristic of a placenta previa. Bright red bleeding

may be intermittent, occur in gushes, or be continuous. Rarely is the first incidence lifethreatening, nor cause for hypovolemic shock. Diagnosis is confirmed bytransabdominal

ultrasound.

17. An off-duty nurse finds a woman in a supermarket parking lot delivering an infant whileher

husband is screaming for someone to help his wife. Which intervention has the highest

priority?

Put the newborn to breast

Putting the newborn to breast will help contract the uterus and prevent a postpartum

hemorrhage--this intervention has the highest priority.

18. A pregnant client with mitral stenosis Class III is prescribed complete bedrest. The clientasks the

nurse, "Why must I stay in bed all the time?" Which response is best for the nurse to provide this

client?

Complete bedrest decreases oxygen needs and demands on the heart muscle tissue.

To help preserve cardiac reserves, the woman may need to restrict her activities andcomplete

bedrest is often prescribed.

19. The nurse is teaching care of the newborn to a group of prospective parents and describes the

need for administering antibiotic ointment into the eyes of the newborn.Which infectious

organism will this treatment prevent from harming the infant?

Gonorrhea

Erythromycin ointment is instilled into the lower conjunctiva of each eye within 2 hours after

birth to prevent ophthalmic neonatorum, an infection caused by gonorrhea, and inclusion

conjunctivitis, an infection caused by chlamydia. The infant may be exposed tothese bacteria when

passing through the birth canal.

20. The nurse is teaching a woman how to use her basal body temperature (BBT) patternas a tool

to assist her in conceiving a child. Which temperature pattern indicates the occurrence of

ovulation, and therefore, the best time for intercourse to ensure conception?

Between the time the temperature falls and rises.

In most women, the BBT drops slightly 24 to 36 hours before ovulation and rises 24 to72

hours after ovulation, when the corpus luteum of the ruptured ovary produces progesterone.

Therefore, intercourse between the time of the temperature fall and riseis the best time for

conception. The human ovum can be fertilized 16 to 24 hours afterovulation.

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