BIOD 121 Module 2 Exam (Portage learning)

BIOD 121 2 EXAM

BIOD 121 2 EXAM

Answer Key

1. Specific parts of the Gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small

intestine, large intestine and rectum. Other organs such as the liver, gallbladder and pancreas aid in

digestion but are not considered part of the digestive process and considered accessory organs..

-2.0 points

Answer Key

2. Explain the symptoms of diverticulosis.

Weakened areas of the large intestine that develop small pouches that push out of the weakened

areas. Happens naturally as we age. Considered non-problematic.

Becomes a problem when food gets stuck in the pouches and become inflammed and/or infected.

When this occurs it is known as divirticulitis.

3. Sphincters play an important role in the GI tract.

Name two sphincters discussed in the module and using your own words, briefly describe their

functions.

Module 2 Exam.

Diverticulosis is weak spots in the colon that results in the formation of small pouches. When

inflamed the pouches are referred to as diverticulitis.

Explain the symptoms of diverticulosis.

GI tract

include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and rectum. Other organs

such as the liver, gallbladder and pancreas aid in digestion but are not considered part of the

GI tract

Specific parts of the

BIOD 121 2 EXAM

BIOD 121 2 EXAM

4. Name the 4 organs that are not part of the GI tract but aid in digestion.

1. Salivary glands

2. Liver

3. Gallbladder

4. Pancreas

All considered accessory organs because they secrete enzymes and hormones that contribute to the

digestion and elimination process.

Sphincters play an important role in the GI tract.

Name two sphincters discussed in the module and using your own words, briefly describe their

functions.

The esophageal sphincter prevents the contents of the stomach from reentering the esophagus. The

pyloric sphincter controls the release of chyme into the small intestines from the stomach. The

ileocecal sphincter prevents the contents of the large intestine from entering the small intestine.

esophageal sphincter - valve/circular muscle located at the end of the esophagus and beginning of

the stomach. Acts as a gate keeper and prevents anything that has moved from the esophagus into

the stomach, from coming back into the esophagus. This is important because the stomach is very

acidic and if any contents from the stomach go back into the esophagus, the lining of the esophagus

could get burned from the acid.

ileocecal sphincter - valve/circular muscle located at the end of the small intestine and beginning of

the large intestine. Acts as a gate keeper and prevents anything that has moved from the small

intestine into the large intestine, from coming back into the small intestine. This is important because

we do not want any matter formed in the large intestine (feces) to go back into the small intestine

and contaminate it. It is also important to keep most of the material in the small intestine before

entering the large intestine so many nutrients can be absorbed and proper digestion and absorption

can occur.

Answer Key

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