ATI CAPSTONE PHARMACOLOGY 2019

1. A nurse is caring for a client with many different medications who is newly prescribed

acetazolamide. What medications can interact with acetazolamide?

Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is usePHd to quickly lower IOP. It interacts

with patients taking high-dose aspirin, quinidine, lithium, phenytoin and sodium bicarbonate.

2. What class of medication is amitriptyline and why is this medication used as an adjuvant

medication for pain?

Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant that can enhance the effect of opioids if used together.

It is used in combination with opioids but not as a substitute for opioids.

3. A nurse is preparing to administer ipratropium by metered dose inhaler. What adverse

effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor for?

Ipratropium is an inhaled anticholinergic. Adverse effects include dry mouth and hoarseness.

4. A nurse is caring for a client with asthma who asks if Montelukast sodium can be taken

for acute asthma symptoms. When should Montelukast sodium be taken?

Montelukast should be taken as a long term asthma management medication, once every night.

For exercise-induced bronchospasm, they should take it 2 hours before exercise. This is not an

asthma medication used for acute exacerbations.

5. A client has a new prescription for salmeterol. The nurse is teaching the client about

adverse effects of the medication. What instructions should the nurse include in this

education?

Salmeterol is a long acting beta adrenergic medication. Side effects include tachycardia and

tremors.

6. A nurse is administering gemfibrozil to a client with elevated cholesterol. Identify two

(2) adverse effects related to this medication.

Gemfibrozil is used to decrease VLDL levels and increase HDL levels in patients who are unable

to control their triglycerides. Adverse effects include GI distress, gallstones, myopathy and

hepatoxicity.

7. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for alprazolam. What

instructions should the nurse include?

Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine used to provide relief from anxiety in patients with GAD and

panic disorder. This medication should be taken at the same time every day, if GI upset occurs

then take with meals. Because sedation is a side effect, this medication should be taken at

bedtime. Notify the provider if CNS depression, anterograde amnesia, toxicity, paradoxical

response or withdrawal effects are seen.

8. A nurse is administering a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) to a client. What

symptoms would indicate circulatory overload? Name three (3) clinical manifestations of

circulatory overload. What are three (3) interventions the nurse can take action on if

overload occurs?

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