Chapter 1. Introduction to Immunity and the Immune System

Multiple Choice

1. Eosinophils are involved in the immune response against:

A. viruses.

B. intracellular bacteria.

C. parasites that cannot be phagocytized.

D. extracellular bacteria.

ANS: C

2. Which of the following are components of both innate and adaptive immune responses?

A. Immunoglobulins

B. T helper cells

C. Macrophages

D. B cells

ANS: C

3. The process by which leukocytes are attracted to a specific area by chemical messengers is called:

A. diapedesis.

B. degranulation.

C. chemotaxis.

D. opsonization.

ANS: C

4. Which of the following is a characteristic of natural killer cells?

A. They mature in the thymus.

B. They are smaller than B and T cells.

C. They are a type of lymphocyte.

D. They are part of the adaptive immune system.

ANS: C

5. Which of the following best describes diapedesis?

A. Movement toward increasing concentrations of a cytokine

B. Attachment of immunoglobulin to target cells

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C. Movement through blood vessel walls as cells exit the circulation

D. Engulfment of target cells

ANS: C

6. The most effective phagocytic and antigen-presenting cell is the:

A. neutrophil.

B. monocyte.

C. dendritic cell.

D. macrophage.

ANS: C

7. Which of the following is characteristic of natural immunity?

A. It involves memory.

B. T lymphocytes play a major role.

C. It involves specificity.

D. Mechanisms are always present and fully functional.

ANS: D

8. All of the following cells are considered part of natural immunity EXCEPT:

A. eosinophils.

B. B lymphocytes.

C. monocytes.

D. neutrophils.

ANS: B

9. Where does the specific immune response to a foreign antigen mainly occur?

A. Lymph nodes

B. Blood

C. Bone marrow

D. Skin

ANS: A

10. Which white cell in the peripheral blood migrates into tissue to become a macrophage?

A. Eosinophil

B. Basophil

C. Neutrophil

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D. Monocyte

ANS: D

11. A white blood cell that is 16 to 18 micrometers in diameter, has a horseshoe-shaped nucleus, and is

capable of phagocytosis is a:

A. neutrophil.

B. eosinophil.

C. basophil.

D. monocyte.

ANS: D

12. Pasteur's discovery that older bacterial cultures would not cause disease in chickens but would protect

them from subsequent infection with more virulent strains is an example of:

A. attenuated vaccine.

B. natural immunity.

C. passive immunity.

D. cross-immunity.

ANS: A

13. Antibodies are secreted by:

A. plasma cells.

B. B cells.

C. T cells.

D. dendritic cells.

ANS: A

14. Which of the following is characteristic of mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue?

A. It is one of the primary lymphoid organs.

B. It clears pathogens from the bloodstream.

C. It includes the tonsils and the appendix.

D. It includes the liver and spleen.

ANS: C

15. Acquired (adaptive) immunity can be characterized as:

A. nonspecifically activated.

B. immediately responsive.

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C. neutrophil dependent.

D. involving memory.

ANS: D

16. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neutrophils?

A. Congregate in the marginating pool in blood vessels

B. Capable of diapedesis

C. Granules that become bright orange with Wright stain

D. Segmented nucleus

ANS: C

17. The function of NK cells is to:

A. produce antibody.

B. phagocytize bacteria.

C. present antigen to T cells.

D. kill target cells such as tumor and virally infected cells.

ANS: D

18. All of the following are involved in adaptive immunity EXCEPT:

A. memory.

B. lymphocytes.

C. specificity.

D. neutrophils.

ANS: D

19. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a lymph node?

A. Filters interstitial fluid draining from tissues

B. Colonized with T and B cells

C. Between 1 and 25 mm in size

D. Considered a primary or central lymphoid organ

ANS: D

20. All of the following are considered part of natural immunity EXCEPT:

A. eosinophils.

B. lymphocytes.

C. acute-phase reactants.

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