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NSG 422 Final Nursing Research 2020

Test Bank

CHAPTER 1

1. Which of the following groups would be best served by the development of a

scientificbase for nursing practice?

A) Nursing administrators

B) Practicing nurses

C) Nurses' clients

D) Health care policymakers

Ans: C

Feedback:

Nursing research is systematic inquiry designed to develop trustworthy evidence

about issues of importance to nurses and their clients. Nurse leaders recognize the

need to basespecific nursing decisions on evidence indicating that the decisions are

clinically appropriate, cost-effective, and result in positive client outcomes. Although

all of the people listed would benefit from the development of a scientific base for

nursing practice, ultimately it is the clients themselves who would most benefit, as

they would then receive the most appropriate and most effective care.

2. An especially important goal for the nursing profession is to do which of the following?

A) Conduct research to better understand the context of nursing practice

B) Establish a solid base of evidence for practice through disciplined research

C) Document the role nursing serves in society

D) Establish research priorities

Ans: B

Feedback:

Nurses are increasingly expected to understand and undertake research and to base

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their practice on evidence from research. Evidence-based practice is the use of the

best evidence in making patient care decisions and typically comes from research

conducted by nurses and other health-care professionals. All of the other answers are

possible goalsfor the nursing profession, but none is as important as establishing

evidence for practice.

3. Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the

constructivistparadigm?

A) A fixed reality exists in nature for humans to understand

B) The nature of reality has changed over time

C) Reality is multiply constructed and multiply interpreted by humans

D) Reality cannot be studied empirically

Ans: C

Feedback:

In the constructivist paradigm, it is assumed that reality is not a fixed entity but is

rather a construction of human minds, and thus “truth” is a composite of multiple

constructionsof reality. However, constructivists do believe that reality can be studied

empirically.

Belief in a fixed reality that exists in nature for humans to understand would be an

example of a positivist belief, not a constructivist one. The constructivist belief does

nothold so much that the nature of reality has changed over time as that it has always

been constructed by human minds.

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4. Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the

positivistparadigm?

A) The researcher is objective and independent of those being studied

B) The researcher cannot interact with those being studied

C) The researcher instructs those being studied to be objective in

providinginformation

D) The distance between the researcher and those being researched is

minimized toenhance the interactive process

Ans: A

Feedbac

k:

In the positivist paradigm, it is assumed that there is an objective reality and

that naturalphenomena are regular and orderly. In the constructivist paradigm,

it is assumed that reality is not a fixed entity but is rather a construction of

human minds, and thus “truth”is a composite of multiple constructions of

reality.

5. Which of the following attributes is least characteristic of the traditional

scientificmethod?

A) Control over external factors

B) Systematic measurement and observation of natural phenomena

C) Testing of hunches deduced from theory or prior research

D) Emphasis on a holistic view of a phenomenon, studied in a rich context

Ans: D

Feedbac

k:

Quantitative research (associated with positivism) involves the collection and

analysis of numeric information. Quantitative research is typically conducted

within the traditional scientific method, which is systematic and controlled.

Quantitative researchers base their findings on empirical evidence (evidence

collected by way of thehuman senses) and strive for generalizability beyond a

single setting or situation.

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Constructivist researchers emphasize understanding human experience as it is

livedthrough the collection and analysis of subjective, narrative materials using

flexible procedures; this paradigm is associated with qualitative research.

6. Empiricism refers to which of the following?

A) Making generalizations from specific observations

B) Articulating a study purpose in terms of an appropriate classification system

C) Gathering evidence about real-world phenomena through the senses

D) Verifying the assumptions on which the study was

basedAns: C

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