TEST BANK

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL, SIXTH

EDITION BRUCE ALBERTS

Test Bank Questions with Complete Solutions

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Chapters Contents:

CHAPTER 01: CELLS AND GENOMES

CHAPTER 02: CELL CHEMISTRY AND BIOENERGETICS

CHAPTER 03: PROTEINS

CHAPTER 04: DNA, CHROMOSOMES, AND GENOMES

CHAPTER 05: DNA REPLICATION, REPAIR, AND RECOMBINATION

CHAPTER 06: HOW CELLS READ THE GENOME_ FROM DNA TO PROTEIN

CHAPTER 07: CONTROL OF GENE EXPRESSION

CHAPTER 08: ANALYZING CELLS, MOLECULES, AND SYSTEMS

CHAPTER 09: VISUALIZING CELLS

CHAPTER 10: MEMBRANE STRUCTURE

CHAPTER 11: MEMBRANE TRANSPORT OF SMALL MOLECULES AND THE ELECTRICAL

PROPERTIES OF MEMBRANES

CHAPTER 12: INTRACELLULAR COMPARTMENTS AND PROTEIN SORTING

CHAPTER 13: INTRACELLULAR MEMBRANE TRAFFIC

CHAPTER 14: ENERGY CONVERSION: MITOCHONDRIA AND CHLOROPLASTS

CHAPTER 15: CELL SIGNALING

CHAPTER 16: THE CYTOSKELETON

CHAPTER 17: THE CELL CYCLE

CHAPTER 18: CELL DEATH

CHAPTER 19: CELL JUNCTIONS AND THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX

CHAPTER 20: CANCER

CHAPTER 21: DEVELOPMENT OF MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS

CHAPTER 22: STEM CELLS AND TISSUE RENEWAL

CHAPTER 23: PATHOGENS AND INFECTION

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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL, SIXTH EDITION

BRUCE ALBERTS TEST BANK

CHAPTER 1:CELLS AND GENOMES

1 Scientists discover more than ten thousand new species of living organisms every year.

What is shared between all of these organisms?

A. They are made of cells, whose nuclei enclose their DNA.

B. They obtain their energy from sunlight.

C. They produce and use adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

D. Their genome contains at least 1000 genes.

E. All of the above.

2 All cells …

A. have membrane transport proteins.

B. synthesize proteins on the ribosome.

C. replicate their genome by DNA polymerization.

D. transcribe their genetic information by RNA polymerization.

E. All of the above.

3 Imagine a segment of DNA (within a gene) encoding a certain amount of information in its

nucleotide sequence. When this segment is fully transcribed into mRNA and then translated into

protein, in general, …

A. the protein sequence would carry more information compared to the DNA and mRNA

sequences, because its alphabet has 20 letters.

B. the protein sequence would carry less information compared to the DNA and mRNA

sequences, because several codons can correspond to one amino acid.

C. the amount of information in the mRNA sequence is lower, because the mRNA has

been transcribed using only one of the DNA strands as the template.

D. the amount of information in the mRNA sequence is higher, because several mRNA

molecules can be transcribed from one DNA molecule.

4 Which of the following processes that happens inside a cell DOES NOT normally require

consumption of free energy by the cell?

A. Replication of the genetic material

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B. Import of nutrients from the environment

C. Diffusion of small molecules within the cell

D. Regulation of gene expression

E. Synthesis of enzymes that catalyze cellular reactions

5 Which of the following would you NOT expect to find in a bacterial cell?

A. Swimming using flagella

B. Having a cell wall around the plasma membrane

C. ATP production in mitochondria

D. Protein production on the ribosome

E. Sexual exchange of DNA with other bacteria

6 To trace family relationships between distantly related organisms such as humans, algae,

bacteria, and archaea, one should compare their genomes in regions …

A. that evolve rapidly.

B. that have a higher mutation rate.

C. that code for proteins.

D. where mutations are hardly tolerated.

E. where most mutations are selectively neutral.

7 Laboratory strains of the model organism Escherichia coli that are resistant to antibiotics

are very often used in research laboratories as well as in the biotechnology industry. If cultures of

such bacteria were allowed to contaminate the environment uncontrollably, it is possible that at

some point, pathogenic bacteria such as Neisseria meningitidis (which causes meningitis and can

cause death, especially in children) could acquire the same antibiotic-resistance gene, causing a

meningitis outbreak that is difficult to treat. In this scenario, which of the following mechanisms is

a more likely source of the antibiotic-resistance gene in N. meningitidis?

A. Random new gene generation

B. Intragenic mutation

C. Gene duplication

D. DNA segment shuffling

E. Horizontal gene transfer

8 A virus …

A. is a type of cell.

B. has genetic material made of proteins.

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