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EDITION

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Chapter 1, Introduction to Nursing

1.

An oncology nurse with 15 years of experience, certification in the area of oncology nursing, and a master’s degree is

considered to be an expert in her area of practice and works on an oncology unit in a large teaching hospital. Based upon

this description, which of the following career roles best describes this nurse’s role, taking into account her

qualifications and experience?

A) Clinical nurse specialist

B) Nurse entrepreneur

C) Nurse practitioner

D) Nurse educator

Ans: A

Feedback:

A clinical nurse specialist is a nurse with an advanced degree, education, or experience who is considered to be an expert

in a specialized area of nursing. The clinical nurse specialist carries out direct patient care; consultation; teaching of

patients, families, and staff; and research. A nurse practitioner has an advanced degree and works in a variety of settings

to deliver primary care. A nurse educator usually has an advanced degree and teaches in the educational or clinical

setting. A nurse entrepreneur may manage a clinic or health-related business.

2.

What guidelines do nurses follow to identify the patient’s health care needs and strengths, to establish and carry out a

plan of care to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet established outcomes?

A) Nursing process

B) ANA Standards of Professional Performance

C) Evidence-based practice guidelines

D) Nurse Practice Acts

Ans: A

Feedback:

The nursing process is one of the major guidelines for nursing practice. Nurses implement their roles through the nursing

process. The nursing process is used by the nurse to identify the patient’s health care needs and strengths, to establish

and carry out a plan of care to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet established

outcomes.

3.

Which of the following organizations is the best source of information when a nurse wishes to determine whether an

action is within the scope of nursing practice?

A) American Nurses Association (ANA)

B) American Association of Colleges in Nursing (AACN)

C) National League for Nursing (NLN)

D) International Council of Nurses (ICN)

Ans: A

Feedback:

The ANA produces the 2003 Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice, which defines the activities specific and unique

to nursing. The AACN addresses educational standards, while the NLN promotes and fosters various aspects of nursing.

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The ICN provides a venue for national nursing organizations to collaborate, but does not define standards and scope of

practice.

4. Who is considered to be the founder of professional nursing?

A) Dorothea Dix

B) Lillian Wald

C) Florence Nightingale

D) Clara Barton

Ans: C

Feedback:

Florence Nightingale is considered to be the founder of professional nursing. She elevated the status of nursing to a

respected occupation, improved the quality of nursing care, and founded modern nursing education. Although the other

choices are women who were important to the development of nursing, none of them is considered the founder.

5. Which of the following nursing pioneers established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882?

A) Florence Nightingale

B) Clara Barton

C) Dorothea Dix

D) Jane Addams

Ans: B

Feedback:

Clara Barton volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers during the civil war, served as the supervisor of

nurses for the Army of the James, organized hospitals and nurses, and established the Red Cross in the United States in

1882.

6.

A nurse practitioner is caring for a couple who are the parents of an infant diagnosed with Down Syndrome. The nurse

makes referrals for a parent support group for the family. This is an example of which nursing role?

A) Teacher/Educator

B) Leader

C) Counselor

D) Collaborator

Ans: C

Feedback:

Counseling skills involve the use of therapeutic interpersonal communication skills to provide information, make

appropriate referrals, and facilitate the patient’s problem-solving and decision-making skills. The teacher/educator uses

communication skills to assess, implement, and evaluate individualized teaching plans to meet learning needs of clients

and their families. A leader displays an assertive, self-confident practice of nursing when providing care, effecting

change, and functioning with groups. The collaborator uses skills in organization, communication, and advocacy to

facilitate the functions of all members of the health care team as they provide patient care.

7.

A nurse is providing nursing care in a neighborhood clinic to single, pregnant teens. Which of the following actions is

the best example of using the counselor role as a nurse?

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