© 2016 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

Test Bank

to accompany

Animal Physiology, Fourth Edition

Hill • Wyse • Anderson

Chapter 1: Animals and Environments: Function on the Ecological Stage

TEST BANK QUESTIONS

Multiple Choice

1. Which statement about the discipline of physiology is false?

a. It is a key discipline for understanding how animals change over Earth’s history.

b. It is a key discipline for understanding the fundamental biology of all animals.

c. It is a key discipline for understanding human health and disease.

d. It is a key discipline for understanding the health and disease of nonhuman animals.

Answer: a

Textbook Reference: The Importance of Physiology

Bloom’s Category: 5. Evaluating

2. To understand how a fish propels itself by applying forces to the water, physiologists

would study its

a. biomechanics.

b. evolution.

c. ecology.

d. cell physiology.

Answer: a

Textbook Reference: The Highly Integrative Nature of Physiology

Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding

3. The data in the graph below would be relevant to which subdiscipline of physiology?

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© 2016 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

a. Evolution

b. Cell physiology

c. Morphology

d. Ecology

Answer: d

Textbook Reference: The Highly Integrative Nature of Physiology

Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding

4. In the study of physiology, the term “_______” refers to the components of living

animals and the interactions among those components that enable animals to perform as

they do.

a. feedback

b. regulation

c. natural selection

d. mechanism

Answer: d

Textbook Reference: Mechanism and Origin: Physiology’s Two Central Questions

Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering

5. How is the light reaction in the firefly inhibited?

a. Mitochondria prevent oxygen from reacting with luciferyl-AMP.

b. Nitric oxide combines with oxygen to prevent reaction with luciferyl-AMP.

c. ATP is prevented from combining with luciferin.

d. Luciferase is prevented from catalyzing the reaction.

Answer: a

Textbook Reference: Mechanism and Origin: Physiology’s Two Central Questions

Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding

6. Which of the following is not needed in the mechanism of light production in the

firefly?

a. Oxygen

b. ATP

c. Light

d. Luciferin

Answer: c

Textbook Reference: Mechanism and Origin: Physiology’s Two Central Questions

Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding

7. In the firefly, light is emitted when

a. ATP combines with luciferin, forming luciferyl-AMP.

b. released nitric oxide blocks the mitochondria’s use of oxygen.

c. the electron-excited product of O2 and luciferyl-AMP returns to its ground state.

d. luciferase is activated by oxygen.

Answer: c

Textbook Reference: Mechanism and Origin: Physiology’s Two Central Questions

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© 2016 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

Bloom’s Category: 5. Evaluating

8. Which of the following is considered the “on” switch for the light-emitting reaction of

the firefly?

a. Oxygen

b. Luciferase

c. Nitric oxide

d. ATP

Answer: c

Textbook Reference: Mechanism and Origin: Physiology’s Two Central Questions

Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying

9. A physiological mechanism or other trait that is a product of evolution and is

advantageous is called

a. an adaptation.

b. natural selection.

c. adaptive significance.

d. evolution.

Answer: a

Textbook Reference: Mechanism and Origin: Physiology’s Two Central Questions

Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering

10. What is the adaptive significance of light emission in the firefly?

a. Female fireflies emit light in such a way that distinguishes their species.

b. All fireflies emit light to lure prey.

c. Male fireflies emit light to attract mates.

d. Male fireflies emit light to evade predators.

Answer: c

Textbook Reference: Mechanism and Origin: Physiology’s Two Central Questions

Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding

11. Which of the following is a similarity between an octopus and a fish?

a. The evolutionary adaptation of excellent vision

b. The mechanism of vision

c. The processing of visual signals before reaching the optic nerve

d. The neuroanatomy of the eye

Answer: a

Textbook Reference: Mechanism and Origin: Physiology’s Two Central Questions

Bloom’s Category: 5. Evaluating

12. Research in the field of _______ physiology emphasizes synthesis across levels of

biological organization.

a. evolutionary

b. comparative

c. environmental

d. integrative

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Answer: d

Textbook Reference: This Book’s Approach to Physiology

Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding

13. Which statement regarding animals is true?

a. There is no distinction between an animal and its environment.

b. Once adults, animals are structurally static.

c. All animals require energy to maintain their organization.

d. Body size is significant in the lives of only small animals.

Answer: c

Textbook Reference: Animals

Bloom’s Category: 5. Evaluating

14. Most cells of an animal

a. are exposed to the external environment.

b. are exposed to the internal environment.

c. fluctuate between exposure to the external environment and the internal environment.

d. turn over while being exposed to the internal environment.

Answer: b

Textbook Reference: Animals

Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding

15.–17. Refer to the figures below.

15. Which figure refers to a physiological trait that is regulated by an organism?

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