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Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing 10th Edition Marquis Huston

Test Bank

Chapter 1 Decision Making, Problem Solving, Critical Thinking, and Clinical Reasoning:

Requisites for successful leadership and management

1. What statement is true regarding decision making?

A) It is an analysis of a situation

B) It is closely related to evaluation

C) It involves choosing between courses of action

D) It is dependent upon finding the cause of a problem Ans: C

Feedback:

Decision making is a complex cognitive process often defined as choosing a particular course

of action. Problem solving is part of decision making and is a systematic process that focuses

on analyzing a difficult situation. Critical thinking, sometimes referred to as reflective

thinking, is related to evaluation and has a broader scope than decision making and problem

solving.

2. What

1. A) Its need for implementation time

2. B) Its lack of a step requiring evaluation of results

3. C) Its failure to gather sufficient data

4. D) Its failure to evaluate alternatives

Ans: A

Feedback:

The traditional problem-solving model is less effective when time constraints are a

consideration. Decision making can occur without the full analysis required in problem

solving. Because problem solving attempts to identify the root problem in situations, much

time and energy are spent on identifying the real problem.

3. Which of the following statements is true regarding decision making?

1. A) Scientific methods provide identical decisions by different individuals for the

same problems

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2. B) Decisions are greatly influenced by each persons value system

3. C) Personal beliefs can be adjusted for when the scientific approach to problem

solving is used

4. D) Past experience has little to do with the quality of the decision

Ans: B

Feedback:

Values, life experience, individual preference, and individual ways of thinking will influence

a persons decision making. No matter how objective the criteria will be, value judgments will

always play a part in a persons decision making, either consciously or subconsciously.

is a weakness of the traditional problem-solving model?

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4. What influences the quality of a decision most often? A) The decision makers immediate

superior

B) The type of decision that needs to be made

C) Questions asked and alternatives generated

D) The time of day the decision is made

Ans: C

Feedback:

The greater the number of alternatives that can be generated by the decision maker, the better

the final decision will be. The alternatives generated and the final choices are limited by each

persons value system.

5. What

1. A) Good decision makers are usually right-brain, intuitive thinkers

2. B) Effective decision makers are sensitive to the situation and to others

3. C) Good decisions are usually made by left-brain, logical thinkers

4. D) Good decision making requires analytical rather than creative processes

Ans: B

Feedback:

Good decision makers seem to have antennae that make them particularly sensitive to other

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people and situations. Left-brain thinkers are typically better at processing language, logic,

numbers, and sequential ordering, whereas right-brain thinkers excel at nonverbal ideation

and holistic synthesizing.

does knowledge about good decision making lead one to believe?

6. What

1. A) The planning process of management

2. B) The evaluation phase of the executive role

3. C) One step in the problem-solving process

4. D) Required to justify the need for scarce items

Ans: C

Feedback:

Decision making is a complex, cognitive process often defined as choosing a particular

course of action. Decision making, one step in the problem-solving process, is an important

task that relies heavily on critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills.

is the best definition of decision making?

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7. If decision making is triggered by a problem with what does it end?

1. A) An alternative problem

2. B) A chosen course of action

3. C) An action that guarantees success

4. D) A restatement of the solution

Ans: B

Feedback:

A decision is made when a course of action has been chosen. Problem solving is part of

decision making and is a systematic process that focuses on analyzing a difficult situation.

Problem solving always includes a decision-making step.

8. Why do our values often cause personal conflict in decision making?

1. A) Some values are not realistic or healthy

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