NURS 6501 - Advanced Pathophysiology

Final Exam

1. A teenage boy sustains a severe closed head injury following an ATV accident. He is in a state of deep sleep that requires vigorous stimulation to elicit eye opening. Which of the following describes his condition?
a. Confusion
b. Coma
c. Obtundation
d. Stupor

2. A disorder that courses excessive movement is:
a. Tachykinesia
b. Akinesia
c. Hyperkinesia
d. Dyskinesia

3. A 54 yo pt w/ pulmonary TB (lung infections) is evaluated for SIADH. Which of the following clinical manifestations would be expected in this pt?
a. Peripheral edema
b. Tachycardia
c. Low BP
d. Concentrated urine

4. A client recalls smelling an unpleasant odor before his seizure. Which of the following terms describes this?
a. Atonic seizure
b. Aura
c. Icterus
d. Postictal experience

5. When it becomes necessary to enlist the fight or flight response, a hormone that is released during the alarm phase of general adaptation syndrome is:
a. Estrogen
b. Epinephrine
c. Angiotensin
d. Renin

6. The parathyroid glands maintain adequate levels of calcium. This is accomplished through:
a. Blocking the action of GH
b. Targeting the bone and activation osteoclasts so that calcium will be release
c. Antagonizing the synthesis of calcitonin
d. Allowing the activity of calcitonin

7. Regulating the hormones from the hypothalamus:
a. Enter venous circulation and travel to the heart, which pumps the hormone-containing blood to the pituitary
b. Enter the hepatices (liver) portal system, which feeds the pituitary
c. Travel by the arteries to the pituitary
d. First enter the hypophyseal portal system

8. Which of the following is true about calcium homeostasis?
a. Increased calcitonin will cause increased blood calcium levels
b. High calcium levels cause bone reabsorption
c. PTH cases an increase in osteoblast activity
d. PTH is the single most important regulator of calcium levels in the blood

9. Graves disease is:
a. Hyperthyroidism
b. Associated with autoimmunity
c. Manifested by ophthalmopathy
d. All of the above are correct

10. What is the most common cause of acromegaly?
a. Anterior pituitary adenoma
b. Overproduction of ACTH
c. Over production of TSH
d. Pituitary atrophy