NUR 2092 Health Assessment

Health Assessment Exam 2 Rasmussen

What to look at when inspecting chest

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- shape, symmetry, expansion, color, bruising, lacerations, redness, respiratory

effort.

Location of tracheal sound and quality.

- over trachea, harsh and high pitched

Location and quality of bronchial sound

- next to trachea, loud and high pitched

Location and quality of bronchovesicular

- sternal border between scapula, medium loudness and medium pitch

Location and quality of vesicular

- remainder of lungs, soft and low pitched.

Crackle

- air passing through fluid or mucus in any air passage, most commonly heard

in the base of the lower lung 

Gurgle (rhonchi)

- air passing through narrowed air passage as a result of secretions, swelling

and tumors. loud sounds can be heard over most lung area but predominate

over the trachea and bronchi

Friction rub

- rubbing together of inflamed pleural surfaces, heard in most areas of

greatest thoracic expansion.

Wheeze

- air passing through constricted bronchus as a result of secretions, swell and

tumors, heard all over the lungs.

Bronchophony

- 9-9, 1-2-3

Egophony

- E-E-E

Whisper pectoriloquy

- Whisper "1,2,3"

Scoliosis

- lateral curvature of the spine

Kyphosis

- hunchback 

Barrel chest

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- a condition characterized by increased anterior-posterior chest diameter

caused by increased functional residual capacity due to air trapping from

small airway collapse.

Funnel chest (pectus excavatum)

- depression in the lower portion of the sternum; compression of the heart

and great vessels may cause murmurs

Pigeon chest (pectus carinatum)

- forward displacement of the sternum with depression of the adjacent costal

cartilage.

Asthma

- chronic inflammation, constriction, coughing, wheezing, SOB, chest tightness,

allergy, exercise induced, occupational, childhood.

Bronchitis

- irritated bronchial tissue, air passages clogged with debris, more irritation

leads to copious mucus production.

Emphysema

- gradual thinning and destruction of alveoli, major causes cigarette, smoking,

long term, progressive, incurable, SOB, and cough.

Lobar pneumonia

- acute exudative inflammation of large portion of lobe or entire lobe of lung

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