NUR 2407 Pharmacology

Final Exam Review

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1. Cephalosporins (ex: cephalexin)

▪ Which other drug has a 1% chance of cross-allergy?

- - cillins

This means patients who are allergic to penicillin may be allergic to

cephalosporins too.

2. Should medication ever be given with grapefruit juice?

- NO

3. If a patient is on warfarin and antibiotics, what do we expect the provider to adjust?

- ▪ readjust the warfarin dose

4. Which insulin type is most commonly used with sliding scale?

- lispro (Humalog), which is a short duration, rapid-acting insulin

5. If an insulin is "70/30" this is a mix of which two types of insulins?

- 70% NPH insulin

30% regular insulin 

6. Folate Antagonists (ex: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole)

▪ Patient Education

- ▪ drink 8-10 glasses of water per day

"by the time you're done reading trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole you will be

thirsty"

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7. Folate Antagonists (ex: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole)

▪ Your patient on trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole all of a sudden says they don't feel

well. They develop a fever, painful rash on skin and mucosal tissues, and tachycardia.

What do you suspect and what do you do next?

- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

▪ Hold the med

▪ Call the MD and alert them of the symptoms

8. Fluoroquinolones (ex: ciprofloxacin)

▪ Patient Education - what does it interact with?

- It interacts with CALCIUM so...

▪ Do not take with milk

▪ Take your calcium supplement 6 hours before or 2 hours after taking Cipro

"don't take a CIP of milk"

9. Azoles (ex: itraconazole)

▪ Drug Interactions

- H2 Blockers (ex: cimetidine)

▪ Take cimetidine 2 hours after

10. If a patient is taking an antibiotic or antifungal and their symptoms disappear. Do

they still continue the medications?

- Yes. Finish the medication until gone!

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11. Antiviral Agents (ex: acyclovir)

▪ Is acyclovir safe to use during pregnancy?

- Yes, oral acyclovir may be used during pregnancy. A pregnant patient with genital

herpes needs to take acyclovir before she gives birth.

12. Antiviral Agents (ex: acyclovir)

▪ Patient Education

- Antivirus drugs are nephrotoxic so,

▪ Encourage fluid intake/hydration

13. Q about ginkgo biloba: patient needs to stop this before their surgery

Which OTC vitamin supplements puts the patient at risk for bleeding?

- The 3 Gs: garlic, ginkgo biloba, and ginseng

14. Echinacea

▪ Drug Interactions

- AVOID with immunosuppressant drugs, remember it boosts the immune

system

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