ATI PEDIATRIC PRACTICE Q & A

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1. A nurse is planning to care for a child who has severe diarrhea. Which of the following

actions is the nurse's priority?

a. Introduce a regular diet

b. Rehydrate

c. Maintain fluid therapy

d. Assess fluid balance (assess first the other three are interventions, before you

intervene you have to assess how much fluid imbalance. Check for lab results

because it will tell you what kind of fluid is to be given and how much fluid to be

replaced. Priority is assessment first)

2. A nurse is caring for a toddler whose parent states that the child has a mass in his

abdominal area and his urine is a pink color. Which of the following actions is the

nurse’s priority?

a. Schedule the child for an abdominal ultrasound

b. Instruct the parent to avoid pressing on the abdominal area

c. Determine if the child is having pain

d. Obtain a urine specimen for a urinalysis

3. A nurse is caring for a child who has acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following

actions is the nurse’s priority?

a. Place the child on a no salt added diet

b. Check the child's weight daily

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c. Educate the parents about potential complications

d. Maintain a saline lock (iv access that is attached to any fluids. For emergency)

(inflammation of the kidneys caused by group a beta hemolytic streptococcus,

infection. Fluid or fluid retention. Patients with kidney problems affect blood

pressure -> high blood pressure because of fluid retention. Salt increases high blood

pressure. Lower the salt intake of this patient)

4. A nurse is caring for a child who has a suspected diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Which

of the following is the nurse’s priority?

a. Administer antibiotics when available

b. Reduce environmental stimuli (because of increase of ICP and can cause seizures)

c. Document intake and output

d. Maintain seizure precautions

5. A nurse is collecting data from an adolescent. Which of the following represents the

greatest risk for suicide?

a. Availability of firearms

b. Family conflict

c. Homosexuality

d. Active psychiatric disorder (mark, mental problems, patients mind is unstable)

6. A nurse is collecting data from an infant who has otitis media (middle ear infection). The

nurse should expect which of the following findings?

a. Tugging on the affected ear lobe

b. Bluish green discharge from the ear canal (there’s usually no discharge, discharge

only comes out if there’s opening in the ear drum)

c. Increase in appetite (decrease in appetite)

d. Erythema and edema of the affected auricle (usually no redness in the affected

auricle) (otitis externa: infection of the outer ear)

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7. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a parent of a 1-month-old infant who is to undergo

the initial surgery to treat Hirschsprung’s disease (a ganglionic megacolon, part of the

colon isn’t connected to the nerves or not functioning, so there will be an increase size

of the colon and stool gets stuck in there). Which of the following statements should

indicate to the nurse that the parent understands the goal of surgery?

a. “I’m glad that the ostomy is only temporary “(1st there going to cut the

nonfunctioning of the colon, and then apply temporary colostomy, after a couple

of months they will suture it together)

b. “I’m glad my child will have normal bowel movements now”

c. “I want to learn how to use the feeding tube as soon as possible”

d. “The operation will straighten out the kink in the intestine”

8. A nurse is caring for an infant who is 1-day postoperative following surgical repair of a

cleft lip. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

a. Apply an antibiotic ointment to the suture site

b. Clear oral secretions using a bulb syringe

c. Feed the infant using a spoon

d. Position the infant on her abdomen

9. A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions with a parent of a child who has cystic

fibrosis. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of

the teaching?

a. “I will make sure my child washes her hands before eating”

b. “I will restrict the amount of salt in my child’s meal”

c. “I will put my child in daycare to ensure that she socializes with other children”

d. “I will provide low fat meals for my child

10. A nurse working at a clinic speaks on the telephone with a parent of a 2-month-old

infant. The parent tells the nurse that the infant has projectile vomiting followed by

hunger after meals.

Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

a. “Bring your infant into the clinic today to be seen”

b. “Burp your child more frequently during feedings”

c. “Give your infant an oral rehydration solution”

d. “You might want to try switching to different formula”

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11. A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who is 2 days postoperative following the

insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Which of the following findings should the

nurse identify as the priority? (Causes ICP hydrocephalus)

a. Lethargy (high pitched cry, respiratory changes, bradycardia, wide pulse

pressure, irritability)

b. Lying flat on the unaffected side

c. Respiratory rate 20/min

d. Urine output 50 ml in 2hr

12. A nurse is caring for a child following an open reduction and internal fixation of a

fractured femur and application of a cast. The cast has a window cut in it for viewing of

the incision. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

a. Remove the window and view the incision

b. Turn the client so the cast will dry on all sides

c. Medicate the client for pain

d. Perform neurovascular checks of the affected extremity (check for infection,

color, capillary refill, redness)

13. A nurse is an urgent care clinic is assisting with the care of a toddler who ingested 30

tablets of aspirin. Which of the following substances should the nurse administer to the

toddler?

a. Activated charcoal (can work with toxin, poison. Given through ng tube absorbs

toxins)

b. Acetylcysteine (antidote for acetaminophen)

c. A chelating agent (usually used for iron)

d. Digoxin immune fab

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14. A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old client who has persistent otitis media. To help identify

contributing factors, the nurse should ask the parents which of the following questions?

Has your daughter been drinking 6 glasses of water a day?

a. Does anyone smoke in the same house as your daughter (Smoking can cause

irritation, cause mucus in respiratory and causes otitis media?) (Otitis media is

purulent color)

b. Does your daughter get water in her ears when you bathe her? (Otitis externa, bluish

green color)

c. Has your daughter had a lot of earwax in her ears over the last month?

15. A nurse is collecting data from a 2-year-old toddler who has aids. The nurse should

inspect inside the toddler mouth for which of the following opportunistic infections

(fungus infections is usually opportunistic infections)?

a. Candidiasis (also called oral thrush)

b. Gingivitis

c. Canker sores

d. Kolpiks spots (measles, rubella)

16. A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has dehydration. Which of the following

findings should the nurse identify as the priority?

a. Blood glucose 110 mg/dl

b. Potassium 2.5 mEq/l

c. Sodium 142 mEq/l

d. Urine specific gravity 1.025

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17. A nurse is caring for a child who is postoperative following the insertion of a

ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The nurse should place the child in which of the following

positions?

a. On the non-operative side

b. 45-degree head elevation

c. Prone

d. Supine

18. A nurse is caring for an infant who is dehydrated and requires iv therapy. The nurse

should monitor the infant response to therapy by performing which of the following

actions?

a. Weighing the infants at the same time everyday

b. Taking the infants vital signs every 2 hr.

c. Measuring the infant's head circumference twice per day

d. Counting the number of wet diapers every shift

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