NUR 2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology

PATHO FINAL EXAM

What is a normal potassium level?

- 3.5-5.0 mEq/L

What should you do if you suspect a patient is hypokalemic?

- monitor the heart. POTASSIUM GOES WITH HEART

What are the Catecholamines?

- epinephrine and norepinephrine released during fight or flight response.

What is the function of albumin?

- to maintain osmotic pressure which prevents plasma from leaking into tissues.

ALBUMIN ATTRACTS WATER

What happens if there is a decrease in albumin?

- water will escape into the interstitial space

Ascitis

- accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity

What is the function of aldosterone?

- It conserves sodium in the body which helps water retention and maintains blood

pressure

What is allostasis?

- Ability of an organism to successfully adapt to changes and to return to homeostasis

What are the names of the fluid compartments?

- intracellular, extracellular, interstitial, intravascular

What is the cause of edema?

- increased capillary hydrostatic pressure

What is the difference between sign and symptoms?

- signs are objective, symptoms are subjective

Type 3 hypersensitivity reaction

- results from the formation of igG or igM antibody-antigen complexes in the circulation

examples: Systemic lupus or Rheumatoid arthritis