ATI Med Surg

Nursing Care Of the Adult Medical-Surgical Patient:

Study Guide

Study Guide

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

- assessment: dehydration, ketosis, metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia

- admin fast acting insulin that can be effective within 10 min, admin IV

- kussmaul resp

Beta blockers (Propanolol)

- monitor: sore throat, vision changes, blurred vision, dry eyes, dry mouth, abd cramping, colitis,

acute pancreatitis

- notify provider: night cough

Factors that affect wound healing

- dehydration (UO)

- infection

- BMI <18.5 or >25

- malnutrition (low protein, vita C)

- age

- decreased hgb, tissue perfusion

- wound stress

HIV/AIDS

- positive response to treatment monitored by viral load

- risk for infection: do not drink fluids left out for longer than 60 min, clean toothbrush in

dishwasher weekly, avoid fresh produce, check temp daily

- dx test: ELISA confirmed by western blot/IFA, viral load

Fluid replacement

lOMoAR cPSD|784381

- monitor BUN

Cerebrovascular accident

- right sided: visual, spatial, proprioception; poor impulse control/judgment; unilateral neglect

- left sided: language, math, analytical skills

Preventing UTIs

- wipe from front to back

- void after intercourse

- avoid baths

- drink 2-3 L of fluid daily

- cotton underwear

- urinate Q2-4h

Radiation therapy

- do not remove ink markings

- wash area gently with warm water and mild soap

- avoid sun esposure for 1 year

- dispose body fluids in lead container

- limit visits to 30 min a day

- staff should wear dosimeter badge to monitor exposure

- keep all soiled linens in room until implant is removed

Kidney transplants

- hemodialysis sometimes needed following surgery because kidneys from deceased donors may

not function immediately

- requires lifelong immunosuppressive therapy

- complications: cardiovascular disease

Hemodialysis

- expected: weight loss, decrease BP, increase temp