Gerontological Nursing 9th Edition Eliopoulos Test Bank Chapter 1 The Aging Population Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The nurse explains that in the late 1960s, health care focus was aimed at the older adult because: a. disability was viewed as unavoidable. b. complications from disease increased mortality. c. older adults needs are similar to those of all adults. d. preventive health care practices increased longevity. ANS: D Increased preventive health care practices, disease control, and focus on wellness helped people live longer. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 2 OBJ: 2 TOP: Aging Trends KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development 2. The nurse clarifies that in the terminology defining specific age groups, the term aged refers to persons who are: a. 55 to 64 years of age. b. 65 to 74 years of age. c. 75 to 84 years of age. d. 85 and older. ANS: C The term aged refers to persons who are 75 to 84 years of age. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 2, Table 1-1 OBJ: 1 TOP: Age Categories KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development 3. The nurse cautions that ageism is a mindset that influences persons to: a. discriminate against persons solely on the basis of age. b. fear aging. c. be culturally sensitive to concerns of aging. d. focus on resources for the older adult. ANS: A Ageism is a negative belief pattern that influences persons to discriminate against persons solely on the basis of age and can lead to destructive behaviors toward the older adult. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 5 OBJ: 3 TOP: Ageism KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Psychosocial Adaptation 4. The nurse points out that the most beneficial legislation that has influenced health care for the older adult is: a. Medicare and Medicaid. b. elimination of the mandatory retirement age. c. the Americans with Disabilities Act. d. the Drug Benefit Program. ANS: A The broadest sweeping legislation beneficial to the older adult is Medicare and Medicaid. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 16 OBJ: 6 TOP: Legislation KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: N/A 5. The nurse clarifies that a housing option for the older adult that offers the privacy of an apartment with restaurant-style meals and some medical and personal care services is the: a. government-subsidized housing. b. long-term care facility. c. assisted-living center. d. group housing plan. ANS: C Assisted-living arrangements offer the privacy of an apartment or condominium with meals prepared and served, limited medical care, and a variety of personal services. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 14 OBJ: 9 TOP: Housing Options KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation 6. The 75-year-old man who has been hospitalized following a severe case of pneumonia is concerned about his mounting hospital bill and asks if his Medicare coverage will pay for his care. The nurses most helpful response is Yes. Medicare: a. pays 100% of all medical costs for persons older than 65. b. Part B pays hospital costs and physician fees. c. Part A pays for inpatient hospital costs. d. Part D pays 80% of the charges made by physicians. ANS: C Medicare Part A pays inpatient hospital costs, Part B pays 80% of physicians charges, and Part D helps defray prescription drug costs. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 16 OBJ: 6 TOP: Medicare Provisions KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation 7. The daughter of a patient who has been diagnosed with terminal cancer asks which documents are required to allow her to make health care decisions for her parent. The nurses most informative response is: a. Advance directives indicate the degree of intervention desired by the patient. b. A Do Not Resuscitate document signed by the patient transfers authority to the next of kin. c. A durable power of attorney for health care transfers decision-making authority for health care to a designated person. d. A living will transfers authority to the physician. ANS: C A durable power of attorney for health care transfers the authority for decision making to a designated person. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 19 OBJ: 11 TOP: Advance Directives KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation 8. The daughter of a resident in a long-term care facility is frustrated with her 80-year-old mothers refusal to eat. The nurse explains that the refusal to eat is a behavior that is an: a. effort to maintain a portion of independence and self direction. b. indication of approaching Alzheimer disease. c. effort to gain attention. d. indication of the dislike of the institutional food. ANS: A Loss of independence and control is a significant issue for the older adult. Some residents will exercise whatever control they may retain. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 21 OBJ: 11 TOP: Loss of Independence KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation 9. The nurse clarifies that the conditions of a living will go into effect when: a. the patient declares that desire in writing. b. a family member indicates the desire for curative therapy to cease. c. two physicians agree in writing that the criteria in the living will have been met. d. the physician and a family member agree that the criteria in the living will have been met. ANS: C Two physicians must agree in writing that the criteria of the living will have been met before the document can go into effect. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 19 OBJ: 11 TOP: Living Wills KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care 10. In the 1980s, Medicare initiated a program of diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) to reduce hospital costs by: a. classifying various diagnoses as ineligible for hospitalization. b. allotting a set amount of hospital days and prospective payment on the basis of the admitting diagnosis. c. specifying particular physicians to treat specified diagnoses. d. using frequency of a particular diagnosis to set a payment schedule. ANS: B DRGs set up a system of preset hospitalization time and payment on the basis of the admitting diagnosis. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 16 OBJ: 6 TOP: DRGs KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A 11. When discussing extended care with a patient who has had a hip replacement and needs physical therapy, the nurse would recommend a(n): a. basic care facility. b. skilled care facility. c. subacute care facility. d. assisted-living residence. ANS: B Skilled care facilities offer not only basic care but also services from trained licensed professionals such as nurses, physical therapists, speech therapists, and occupational therapists. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 16 OBJ: 9 TOP: Extended-Care Facilities KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care 12. The 80-year-old woman who is recovering from a stroke is being sent to an extended-care facility. She is concerned about the expense. The nurse can allay anxiety by explaining that Medicare will cover extended-care facility costs: a. for a period of 30 days. b. for a period of 45 days for physical therapy. c. for a period of 100 days for needed skilled care. d. until she is able to be discharged home. ANS: C Medicare will cover extended-care costs for 100 days while skilled care is being applied to the resident. After 100 days, the resident must revert to private pay or ancillary long-term care insurance. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 16 OBJ: 8 TOP: Extended Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care 13. The senior citizen political action group that uses volunteers and lobbyists to advance the interests of older adults is the: a. American Association of Retired Persons (AARP). b. National Council of Senior Citizens (NCSC). c. National Alliance of Senior Citizens (NASC). d. Gray Panthers. ANS: A The AARP uses volunteers and lobbyists to advance the interests and welfare of older adults. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 12 OBJ: 7 TOP: Political Action Groups KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A 14. The nurse gives an example of the caregiver who is guilty of elder abuse as the: a. daughter who uses her mothers Social Security money to purchase her mothers medication. b. son who puts an alarm on the front door to prevent his mother from wandering out of the house. c. wife who allows her mentally competent husband to refuse to take a bath for a week. d. frail spouse who is unable to bathe or change the clothes of her physically dependent husband. ANS: D Unintentional abuse or neglect can occur when the caregiver lacks the stamina to meet care needs. Even though physically unable, the frail wife is guilty of elder abuse. The wife should seek assistance to prevent neglect. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: 22 OBJ: 13 TOP: Elder Abuse KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort 15. The nurse cautions that the most frequent response to elder abuse by the abused older adult is: a. anger. b. physical retaliation. c. notification of authorities. d. nothing at all. ANS: D Fear of retaliation or abandonment keeps most abused elders silent. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 25-26 OBJ: 14 TOP: Response to Abuse KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation 16. Many nurses today do not seek careers in gerontology because: a. the physical work is too difficult. b. their technological skills are not used. c. there is not enough challenge. d. there are limited options for employment. ANS: B Many nurses feel that their technical skills will not be used in the care of the older adult. There are many employment options that offer challenge and fulfillment. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 5 OBJ: 2 TOP: Employment Options KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A 17. The nurse clarifies that the term baby boomers refers to persons who: a. entered school in 1945. b. served in the military in World War II. c. were born between 1946 and 1964. d. were eligible for Social Security benefits in 2000. ANS: C Baby boomers are those born between 1946 and 1964. The impact of the retirement of this cohort is unprecedented in terms of the impact on society. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 8 OBJ: 5 TOP: Baby boomers KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Psychosocial Adaptation 18. Restraining an older adult in a recliner to prevent wandering is an example of: a. physical abuse. b. neglect. c. emotional abuse. d. self-neglect. ANS: A Physical abuse is any action that causes physical pain or injury. Inappropriate use of drugs, force-feeding, physical restraints, or punishment of any kind are examples of physical abuse. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 23 OBJ: 13 TOP: Types of Abuse KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A