BCBA Exam Review (MOCK; 1)

Philosophic doubt involves the continuous questioning of the truthfulness and validity of

all scientific theory and knowledge. –

True

An empirical attitude demands objective observations based on a thorough description

and precise quantification of the phenomena of interest. –

True

The following quotation is representative of which type of behaviorism:

"...it is a mistake to rule out events that influence our behavior because they are not

accessible to others." –

Radical behaviorism

The highest level of scientific understanding is: -

control, showing how we can influence behavior by presenting or withdrawing

variable(s).

This formally began the experimental branch of behavior analysis. –

Skinner's publication of The Behavior of Organisms

Reinforcement strengthens responses that differ in topography from the response

reinforced. –

True

There is a considerable generality across individuals in the events likely to serve as

reinforcers because of our similar histories in a common culture. –

True

Operant conditioning, which encompasses ___________________ and

______________, refers to the process and selective effects of consequences on

behavior. –

Reinforcement, punishment

The term for the state or condition of the environment prior to the emission of a

response is technically referred to as: -

Antecedent stimuli

Applied behavior analysts more often study operant rather than respondent behavior. –

True

Selecting age-appropriate behaviors lessens the probability that other people will set the

occasion for and reward adaptive behaviors that could lead to a more normal life. –

False

A behavior that produces corresponding modifications or co-variations in other adaptive,

untrained behaviors is a(n) _____________________. –

Pivotal behavior

According to Van Houten (1979) one method for determining socially validated

performance criteria is to select standards based on assessment of competent

individuals. –

True

An ecological assessment is an essential component in applied behavioral analysis. –

False

Another name for anecdotal observation is: -

- A diary record

- ABC recording

- Anecdotal report

________________ measurement facilitates data collection for inter-observer

agreement and treatment integrity. –

Permanent product

A feature of an event that can be measured is called a(n): -

Dimension

If you are interested in amount of time it takes a student to begin a task after the teacher

has given an instruction you would measure _________________. –

Response latency

Event recording can be used with non-discrete behaviors such as humming. –

False

An example of a permanent product is: -

- Written assignment

- Videotape

- Audiotape

The most common convention for reporting inter-observer agreement measures in

applied behavior analysis is: -

Percent agreement

When observations change the way they employ the definition of behavior over the

course of an investigation it is called: -

Observer drift

What time intervals should be used with momentary time sampling? –

60 seconds or less

What is defined as the use of a series of symbols which are used to record the

presence or absence of classes of behavior: -

Observation code

Observers must learn a common: -

- Set of classes of behavior

- Notation systems

- Set of decision conventions

Behavior analysts typically use _________________ ____________________ to

interpret graphically displayed data. –

Visual analysis

In general, the more data the better. –

False

Increasing the distance on the vertical axis decreases the variability of the data

displayed. –

False

Another name for a histogram is: -

Bar graph

Logarithmic scales are well suited to display and communicate

______________________ change. –

Proportional

Which of the following are the advantages of the changing criterion design? –

- It does not require a withdrawal phase

- It allows for experimental analysis while gradually improving behavior.

In the multiple baseline design, verification of a predicted level of responding for one

behavior cannot be made. –

False

The ______________ design can be used to evaluate the effects of treatment on the

gradual improvement of behavior already in the participant's repertoire. –

Changing criterion

In which design do intermittent measurements serve as the basis for determining

whether or not behavior change has occurred prior to intervention. –

Multiple probe

The length of the baseline phases for the different behaviors in a multiple baseline

design should differ significantly. –

True

The generality of research findings in applied behavior analysis is assessed,

established, and specified through. –

Replication

In order to evaluate the internal validity of applied behavior analysis research, all of the

following should be considered except. –

Conceptual sense

Which of the following is not an advantage of presenting your research data in a poster

session. –

Audience participation is minimized

With proper experimental design, the experimenter can control all aspects of a subject's

behavior. –

False

Which is not a source of confounding variables. –

- Setting

- Independent variable

- Measurement system

- Subject

Assume you give a student in your class a forced-choice preference assessment. On

this preference assessment, computer time was ranked highest (that is, it was selected

the most frequently). What can you say about computer time, based on this

information? –

Computer time may be a reinforcer for this child.

The behavior that occurs temporally closest to the presentation of a reinforcer will be

strengthened by its presentation. –

True

An individual's behavior becomes increasingly more complex as the result of his/her: -

History of reinforcement and punishment

Immediacy of reinforcement is defined as the reinforcing stimulus being delivered within

the first 24 hours after the occurrence of the behavior. –

False

One can identify whether an argument is circular reasoning: -

- By evaluating the direction of the relation (e.g., Sally's off-task behavior is due

to her attention deficit disorder vs. Sally's attention deficit disorder causes her

off-task behavior)

- By evaluating whether the two components of the argument can be separated

and whether one can be manipulated to determine the effect on the other

Requiring a child to complete an assigned task contingent upon an escape maintained

challenging behavior is called: -

Escape extinction

Bobby is a 4th grade student in an inclusion class. Bobby hates math. Every time his

teacher hands-out a math assignment, Bobby hits the child on the next seat and is

immediately sent to the Principals office as punishment. This is an example of: -

Escape maintained behavior

A more sophisticated level of escape maintained behavior is: -

Avoidance maintained behavior

Research has demonstrated that the use of error correction procedures during

instruction may create an avoidance contingency. –

True

Negative reinforcement can be used to teach both appropriate and inappropriate

behaviors. –

True

One way researcher's thin schedules of reinforcement are by gradually increasing the

response ratio or the duration of the time interval. –

True

Which simple schedule of reinforcement produces a consistent rate of response

following a post-reinforcement pause. –

Fixed ratio

A VI schedule of reinforcement tends to produce a constant, stable rate of response. –

True

When a FI schedule is in effect, the post reinforcement pause can be seen on the

graphic curve as: -

Low to zero rates of responding early in the interval.

Rapidity of reinforcer availability is "self controlled" with ratio schedules of

reinforcement. –

True