MDC3 EXAM 1
1. Acute Kidney Injury:
Categories:
- PreRenal: before the kidney
IntraRenal: Kidneys
PostRenal: After the kidneys
2. Acute Kidney Injury: Causes
- Sudden loss of kidney function due to decreased blood flow or damage to the kidneys
due to disease processes or blockage of the urinary tract
3. Acute Kidney Injury: abnormalities
- Elevated BUN/creatinine, oliguria
4. Elements of renal assessments
- HISTORY
-(Change in urine frequency, trauma, surgery, transfusion, allergic reaction, use of
NSAIDs)
S/S
- (fluid overload, oliguria, hypoperfusion, hypoxemia)
LABS
-(creatinine, sodium ,potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, blood ph, blood
bicarbonate, blood co2, H/H, blood osmolarity/osmolality)
IMAGING (ultrasonography, CT scan, Xray, MAG3)
BIOPSY
5. Elements of reproductive assessments
- HISTORY (reproductive/sexual)
CURRENT HEALTH PROBLEMS
FEMALE: pelvic and breast exam, menstrual irregularities, unexplained abdominal or
vaginal pain, vaginal discharge, itching, sores or infection, rape trauma or pelvic injury,
physical changes in the vagina, cervix, and uterus
MALE: may not get examined unless they have a specific problem
LABS: FSH, LH, Prolactin, Estradiol, Estriol, Progesterone, Testosterone
Prostate specific antigen (PSA), Total estrogens, Pregnanediol, Ketosteroids
6. Benign Prostatic Hypertension:
S&S:
- Difficulty starting urine stream, decreased velocity of urine stream, intermittent
voiding, dribbling at the end, incomplete bladder emptying/retention, increased
risk/recurrence of infection, urinary frequency/urgency/dysuria, nocturia/incontinence,
and bladder urethra pain.
7. BPH nursing care and education
- -Monitor output
-Preform bladder irrigation to maintain patency of the catheter
-monitor pain
-Pharmacological and non pharm interventions
-Monitor for bleeding
-Watch for bladder spasms
-Monitor for skin break down
-Educate on S/S of infection
-keep area clean and dry
-Watch catheter for obstruction
8. BPH surgical post care
- -Monitor urinary output to assure maintenance of fluid balance.
-Perform continuous bladder irrigation to maintain patency of the catheter.
-Educate the patient regarding the feeling of urgency related to urinary catheter
placement is a normal feeling.
-Monitor pain and provide both non-pharmacological and pharmacologic interventions
as prescribed.
-Monitor for bleeding.
-Monitor patient for bladder spasms.
-Monitor the urinary catheter for possible obstruction, follow appropriate orders if an
obstruction is suspected.
-Educate the patient regarding the signs and symptoms of infection.
-Monitor for skin breakdown.
-Keep the area clean and dry.
9. BPH meds
- Alpha blockers (tamsulosin), phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (Sildenafil), 5-alpha
reductase inhibitors (finasteride)
10. Breast cancer:
Screening/diagnostic
- -Breast biopsy
-Liver enzymes
-Calcium level
-Alkaline phosphatase levels -Self breast examination,
-Mammography
-Digital breast tomosynthesis
-Breast U/S
Category | Exam (elaborations) |
Release date | 2021-09-13 |
Pages | 18 |
Language | English |
Comments | 0 |
Sales | 0 |
{{ userMessage }}