NUR 2502 / NUR2502 Final Exam (Latest 2021 / 2022): Multidimensional Care III / MDC 3 - Rasmussen College

NUR 2502 Multidimensional Care III Rasmussen - MDC III - Final Exam 75 Qs - 5 SATA, 3 Dose Calc, 2 ABGs How do we diagnose hypertension? - Elevated BP 3 times in a six-month period - documented by MD Patient Education: Hypertension - ▪ Lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise) - ▪ Record values at home Risk Factors: Hypertension - ▪ Obesity - ▪ Drugs - ▪ Alcohol - ▪ Age - ▪ Race (Hispanic, African American) - ▪ High cholesterol - ▪ Family Hx - ▪ Elevated LDL, decreased HDL What's the difference between primary and secondary hypertension? - Primary - because of the pressure in the arteries only, usually hereditary - Secondary - r/t kidney problems or other issues Pharmacological Treatment: Hypertension - ▪ ACE inhibitors - ▪ Beta Blockers - ▪ ARBs - ▪ Calcium Channel lockers Atherosclerosis - Plaque builds up on the inner walls of the arteries Causes of plaque build up - ▪ Cholesterol - ▪ Smoking - ▪ Uncontrolled diabetes - ▪ Uncontrolled HTN - ▪ Obesity - ▪ Diet - ▪ Lack of exercise Arteriosclerosis - Hardening of the arteries, happens with age, normal What is HDL? - Good cholesterol, want it >60 What is LDL? - Bad cholesterol, want it <150 What are triglycerides? - "Sugary cholesterol" Atherosclerosis and Arteriosclerosis can cause what conditions? - Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) - shiny hairless legs - Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) S/S: Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) - ▪ Cool hands and feet - ▪ Bad pedal pulses - ▪ Leg pain - ▪ Decreased capillary refill - ▪ Mottled skin How do you diagnose Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)? - Lower extremity doppler Treatment: Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) - ▪ Anticoagulants - ▪ Cath lab to have stent placement - ▪ Angioplasty Patient Education: Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) - ▪ No crossing legs - ▪ No pressure on legs, keep them in a dependent or dangling position - ▪ No constrictive clothing Types of valves - Aortic - Mitral - Tricuspid - Pulmonic Which valves most commonly have issues? - Mitral valve due to increasing age aortic valve Valve regurgitation - Backward flow of blood through a heart valve Valve stenosis - When valves become narrower than normal, impeding the flow of blood. What are some reasons, besides age, patients might end up with mitral stenosis? - Rheumatic fever When we have any damage to our valves, whether it be regurgitation or stenosis, what are we at risk for? - Decreased cardiac output which leads to heart failure Murmur sounds associated with mitral regurgitation vs aortic regurgitation - ▪ Mitral regurgitation: High pitched holosystolic murmur - begins at S1 and continue to S2 - ▪ Aortic regurgitation: Blowing, decrescendo diastolic murmur S/S: Mitral Regurgitation - ▪ High pitched holosystolic murmur - ▪ JVD - ▪ SOB - ▪ Fatigue - ▪ Tachycardia 

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Category Exam (elaborations)
Release date 2021-09-13
Pages 19
Language English
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