ATI Capstone Med-surg Review exam questions and answers docs 2021

1. A nurse is caring for a client following a bone marrow biopsy. What information should

the nurse include in the discharge education?

The nurse should tell the patient that following the procedure the patient will not be

able to drive or operate heavy machinery for the remainder of the day. The patient

should have a person with them that can drive them home from their procedure for

safety reasons. The patient should also be instructed to monitor for signs of infection,

and to notify the physician if these occur. The patient should also be instructed to avoid

lifting anything that’s heavier than a gallon of milk for the next 24-48 hours. The patient

should also be told that if he/she begins to have bleeding at the surgical site, the patient

should lie on the side that the biopsy was performed on for a minimum of 30 minutes. If

the bleeding continues after this, the patient should then contact the physician, or be

taken to the emergency department immediately.

2. What dietary education should the nurse provide to a client diagnosed with a hiatal

hernia?

A patient with a hiatal hernia should be instructed to remain sitting up for a minimum of

an hour after eating. The nurse should also advise the patient to avoid any foods that

may have a high acid content. Food that would be appropriate for this client includes:

bananas, beans, grains, crackers, pasta, rice, and bread. The nurse should also instruct

the patient with a hiatal hernia to avoid drinking too much while eating, and consuming

small, more frequent meals to avoid dumping syndrome.

3. A nurse is providing education regarding risk factors for gout. What information should

be provided?

One risk factor for gout is alcohol consumption due to the buildup of uric acid, also

known as hyperuricemia. Foods or a diet that is high in purines such as livers, yeast,

sardines, and anchovies can also be a risk factor for gout. Also having any of the

following conditions can place a client at risk for having gout: obesity, hypertension,

diabetes, kidney disease, and hypothyroidism.

4. A nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted with renal calculi. List three (3)

interventions the nurse will take in the management of renal calculi.

3 interventions the nurse should implement when caring for a client with renal calculi

include the following: monitor vital signs of the patient, paying attention to the client’s

temperature as an elevated temperature could indicate infection in the patient. The

nurse should also be sure to implement effective pain management for this client,

clients with renal calculi tend to experience severe pain. Another intervention the nurse

should implement for this patient is dietary teaching on appropriate foods and

beverages for the client to eat and drink while having a renal calculus.

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