NUR 2502 / NUR2502 Final Exam Review: Multidimensional Care III / MDC 3 Final Exam Review / Rasmussen College ( 102 Q&A )

1. What is acute coronary syndrome? - sudden reduced blood flow to the heart 2. Acute coronary syndrome risk factors - -Atherosclerosis-Age-Genetics-Smoking-High-fat diet-Elevated cholesterol-Sedentary lifestyle-Obesity-Hypertension-Diabetes-Women-Elevated Troponin-ST elevation on 2 contiguous leads to ECG 3. Acute coronary syndrome s/s - Chest pain SOB Diaphoresis Nausea Dizziness Epigastric pain 4. Acute coronary syndrome tx (MONA) - Morphine (Only if ordered) Oxygen (If needed) Nitro (R/o ED med) Aspirin (Chew) 162 or 325Mg Cardiac catheterization 5. What is angina - chest pain 6. What is STEMI - ST elevation myocardial infarction 7. What is NSTEMI - non-ST elevation myocardial infarction 8. What is anemia - Reduction in one or more of the following: erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit 9. Anemia s/s - -Fatigue/ Weakness/dizzy-Pale or yellowish skin (jaundice)-Irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias)- Chest pain- Cold hands and feet-Headache- SOB 10. Anemia diet changes - -Iron rich deficiency (leafy greens, Fe supplements: take with orange juice, black/tarry stools) (avoid taking with milk blocks absorption) -B12 deficiency (beef, chicken, salmon, fortified breakfast cereal, low fat milk, eggs) -Folate deficiency (broccoli, brussels sprouts, leafy green vegetables, kidney beans) 11. What is aortic dissection - Separation of the muscular wall from the membrane of the artery, putting the pt at risk of aortic rupture and death 12. Aortic dissection priority tx/actions - -Control BP, aim for a systolic 100-200Hg-Establish 2 large bore IV's and start fluids as ordered rate, as well as other necessary meds-Prepare for surgery 13. Aortic dissection tx & nursing care - -Medications such as beta blockers, antihypertensive, analgesics, blood productsAneurysmectomy-Endovascular stent grafts-Abdominal aortic repair 14. What is atherosclerosis - hardening of the arteries 15. Atherosclerosis risk factors - - Blood Vessel damage (ex hypertension)-Genetics ★ Hyperlipidemia (High LDL, Low HDL, High triglycerides)-Diabetes-Obesity- SmokingAge 16. Atherosclerosis diet and discharge education - -Emphasize intake of vegetables, fruits & whole grains (same as DASH)-Low-fat dairy products, poultry, fish, legumes, non tropical vegetable oils & nuts (same as DASH)-Limit sweets, sugar-sweetened beverages, & red meat (same as DASH)-Aim for dietary pattern than includes 5-6% from saturated fat (instead of focus on decreasing sodium levels)-Reduce percent of calories from trans fat (instead of exercise recommendation) -Focus on Diet and management of HDL and LDL 17. What is asystole - Absence of a heart rate. 18. Asystole priority action - Compressions and CPR 19. What is atrial fibrillation - Irregular, rapid heart beat 20. Atrial fibrillation complications - •Can impair QoL•Linked to major morbidity and mortality - especially clotting concerns - embolic stroke, DVT, or PE•Disorganized atrial impulses create 'quivers' to atria•There is no atrial kick•Ventricular contracts are irregularly usually at a rate of 120-200•This irregularity increases cardiac blood pooling, increasing risk of clot formation 

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Category Exam (elaborations)
Release date 2021-09-13
Pages 16
Language English
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