1. What is acute coronary syndrome?
- sudden reduced blood flow to the heart
2. Acute coronary syndrome risk factors
- -Atherosclerosis-Age-Genetics-Smoking-High-fat diet-Elevated cholesterol-Sedentary
lifestyle-Obesity-Hypertension-Diabetes-Women-Elevated Troponin-ST elevation on 2
contiguous leads to ECG
3. Acute coronary syndrome s/s
- Chest pain
SOB
Diaphoresis
Nausea
Dizziness
Epigastric pain
4. Acute coronary syndrome tx (MONA)
- Morphine (Only if ordered) Oxygen (If needed) Nitro (R/o ED med) Aspirin (Chew) 162
or 325Mg
Cardiac catheterization
5. What is angina
- chest pain
6. What is STEMI
- ST elevation myocardial infarction
7. What is NSTEMI
- non-ST elevation myocardial infarction
8. What is anemia
- Reduction in one or more of the following: erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit
9. Anemia s/s
- -Fatigue/ Weakness/dizzy-Pale or yellowish skin (jaundice)-Irregular heartbeats
(arrhythmias)- Chest pain- Cold hands and feet-Headache- SOB
10. Anemia diet changes
- -Iron rich deficiency (leafy greens, Fe supplements: take with orange juice, black/tarry
stools) (avoid taking with milk blocks absorption)
-B12 deficiency (beef, chicken, salmon, fortified breakfast cereal, low fat milk, eggs)
-Folate deficiency (broccoli, brussels sprouts, leafy green vegetables, kidney beans)
11. What is aortic dissection
- Separation of the muscular wall from the membrane of the artery, putting the pt at
risk of aortic rupture and death
12. Aortic dissection priority tx/actions
- -Control BP, aim for a systolic 100-200Hg-Establish 2 large bore IV's and start fluids as
ordered rate, as well as other necessary meds-Prepare for surgery
13. Aortic dissection tx & nursing care
- -Medications such as beta blockers, antihypertensive, analgesics, blood productsAneurysmectomy-Endovascular stent grafts-Abdominal aortic repair
14. What is atherosclerosis
- hardening of the arteries
15. Atherosclerosis risk factors
- - Blood Vessel damage (ex hypertension)-Genetics
★ Hyperlipidemia (High LDL, Low HDL, High triglycerides)-Diabetes-Obesity- SmokingAge
16. Atherosclerosis diet and discharge education
- -Emphasize intake of vegetables, fruits & whole grains (same as DASH)-Low-fat dairy
products, poultry, fish, legumes, non tropical vegetable oils & nuts (same as DASH)-Limit
sweets, sugar-sweetened beverages, & red meat (same as DASH)-Aim for dietary
pattern than includes 5-6% from saturated fat (instead of focus on decreasing sodium
levels)-Reduce percent of calories from trans fat (instead of exercise recommendation)
-Focus on Diet and management of HDL and LDL
17. What is asystole
- Absence of a heart rate.
18. Asystole priority action
- Compressions and CPR
19. What is atrial fibrillation
- Irregular, rapid heart beat
20. Atrial fibrillation complications
- •Can impair QoL•Linked to major morbidity and mortality - especially clotting concerns
- embolic stroke, DVT, or PE•Disorganized atrial impulses create 'quivers' to atria•There
is no atrial kick•Ventricular contracts are irregularly usually at a rate of 120-200•This
irregularity increases cardiac blood pooling, increasing risk of clot formation
Category | Exam (elaborations) |
Release date | 2021-09-13 |
Pages | 16 |
Language | English |
Comments | 0 |
Sales | 0 |
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