1. Malignant tumors - normal cell that has migrated and is not growing or behaving like it should 2. Benign tumors - normal cells growing in the wrong place 3. Primary tumor - the tissue from which it arose (parent tissue) that tissue can show up in other parts of the body 4. Secondary (metastatic) tumor - cancer cells move from primary location and create additional tumors 5. Steps of metastasis - initiation > promotion > progression > metastasis 6. Cancer classification - tissue of origin - grading, ploidy, staging 7. Grading cancer classification - how much has it changed? 8. Ploidy cancer classification - number of chromosomes? 9. Staging cancer classification - how advanced is it? did it start in one place? has it spread? 10. Cancer grading - cellular aspect - how aggressive/sensitive to treatment? G1-4 G1 - low grade still resembles tissue they came from > G4- no longer resemble the tissue they come from 11. Tumor staging - TNM system - when cancer is graded we are looking for how angry it is 12. TNM tumor staging system - T- tumor size (how big?) N- nodes (how many nodes?) M- metastasis (how is it metastasized?) Higher the grade= cancer is more advanced 13. Chemical carcinogens - smoking, asbestos, pesticide 14. Physical carcinogens - viral agents