NR 507 FINAL EXAM 2 – QUESTION AND

ANSWERS

Question 1

2 / 2 pts

Tissue damage caused by the deposition of circulating immune complexes

containing an antibody against the host DNA is the cause of which disease?

Hemolytic anemia

Pernicious anemia

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Myasthenia gravis

Only the deposition of circulating immune complexes containing an antibody

against the host DNA produce tissue damage in individuals with systemic lupus

erythematosus (SLE).

Question 2

2 / 2 pts

How does chest wall compliance in an infant differ from that of an adult?

An adult’s chest wall compliance is lower than an infant’s.

An adult’s chest wall compliance is higher than an infant’s.

An adult’s chest wall compliance is the same as an infant’s.

An adult’s chest wall compliance is dissimilar to that of an infant’s.

Chest wall compliance is higher in infants than it is in adults, particularly in

premature infants.

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Question 3

2 / 2 pts

What term is used to describe a hernial protrusion of a saclike cyst that contains

meninges, spinal fluid, and a portion of the spinal cord through a defect in a

posterior arch of a vertebra?

Encephalocele

Meningocele

Spina bifida occulta

Myelomeningocele

Myelomeningocele is a hernial protrusion of a saclike cyst containing meninges,

spinal fluid, and a portion of the spinal cord with its nerves through a defect in the

posterior arch of a vertebra. The remaining options are not appropriate terms to

identity the described condition.

Question 4

2 / 2 pts

Continued therapy of pernicious anemia (PA) generally lasts how long?

6 to 8 weeks

8 to 12 months

Until the iron level is normal

The rest of one’s life

Because PA cannot be cured, maintenance therapy is a life-long endeavor.

Question 5

2 / 2 pts

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Cytokines are thought to cause fevers by stimulating the synthesis of which

chemical mediator?

Leukotriene

Histamine

Prostaglandin

Bradykinin

Cytokines seem to raise the thermoregulatory set point through stimulation of

prostaglandin synthesis and turnover in thermoregulatory (brain) and

nonthermoregulatory (peripheral) tissues. The other options do not accurately

identify the appropriate chemical mediator.

Question 6

2 / 2 pts

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines grade 1 (overweight) as a BMI of:

18.5 to 24.9

25 to 29.9

30 to 39.9

40 to 50.9

A BMI of 25 to 29.9 kg/m2

is considered a grade 1 (overweight) classification. A

BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2

is considered normal range, whereas 30 to 39.9

kg/m2

is a grade 2 (severe overweight) classification, and a BMI higher than 40

kg/m2

is considered grade 3 (morbidly overweight).

IncorrectQuestion 7

0 / 2 pts

When diagnosed with hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), why does the

newborn develop hyperbilirubinemia after birth but not in utero?

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Excretion of unconjugated bilirubin through the placenta into the mother’s

circulation is no longer possible.

Hemoglobin does not break down into bilirubin in the intrauterine environment.

The liver of the fetus is too immature to conjugate bilirubin from a lipid-soluble to

water-soluble form.

The destruction of erythrocytes producing bilirubin is greater after birth.

Hyperbilirubinemia occurs in the neonate after birth because excretion of lipidsoluble unconjugated bilirubin through the placenta is no longer possible. This

selection is the only option that accurately explains why HDN causes

hyperbilirubinemia after birth but not in utero.

Question 8

2 / 2 pts

Which of the following describes how the body compensates for anemia?

Increasing rate and depth of breathing

Decreasing capillary vasoconstriction

Hemoglobin holding more firmly onto oxygen

Kidneys releasing more erythropoietin

Tissue hypoxia creates additional demands and compensatory actions on the

pulmonary and hematologic systems. The rate and depth of breathing increase in

an attempt to increase the availability of oxygen. This selection is the only option

that accurately describes the compensation mechanism in such anemias.

Question 9

2 / 2 pts

An infant has a continuous machine-type murmur best heard at the left upper

sternal border throughout systole and diastole, as well as a bounding pulse and a

thrill on palpation. These clinical findings are consistent with which congenital

heart defect?

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