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Pathophysiology Proctored Final Exam

Question

Answer

Question Hyperemesis gravidarum causes excessive nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. What can

the mother expect to have if hyperemesis gravidarum is left untreated?

Answer

Electrolyte imbalances and dehydration

Dehydration and cold extremities

Electrolyte imbalances and polyuria

Dehydration and diabetes

Question Hyperglycemia is concerning when complications arise. Which disorder is related to breaking

down fats for energy in patients with type 1 diabetes?

Answer

Nonketotic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome

Hyperglycemic lipid syndrome

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Lipidosis hyperosmolar ketosis

Question Which of the following symptoms describe complications of compartment syndrome?

Answer

Hemorrhage

Pain and tissue damage

Increased limb function

Chronic kidney disease

Question A client diagnosed with heart failure reports to the healthcare provider a feeling of dizziness

upon standing. What is the client describing?

Answer

A contradiction

A sign

A symptom

Objective data

Question Pyelonephritis is the infection of which of the following areas of the body?

Answer

Bladder

Ureter

Kidney

Urethra

Gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) is due to multiple factors. Which of the following is

a serious potential complication of GERD?

Cough

Esophageal cancer

Heartburn

Diarrhea

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Question

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a problem with antidiuretic

hormone production. Which of the following electrolyte disorder associated with this

condition?

Answer

Hyperkalemia

Hypernatremia

Hypokalemia

Hyponatremia

Question The client can expect which of the following concerns when infected with the herpes virus

(HSV 1 or HSV 2)?

Answer

No pain during an outbreak

A recurrence of symptoms periodically

Immunity after the first exposure

A vaginal birth during an outbreak

Question The client, diagnosed with cystitis, asks the health care provider why she seems to be

susceptible to recurrent infections. Which of the following is true about cystitis?

Answer

Prevalence in men is increased due to sexual practices

Less frequent in women due to a shorter urethra

There are no symptoms in the client

Most cases are due to Escherichia coli (E. coli)

Question What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? (select all that apply)

Answer

Cold intolerance

Diarrhea

Tachycardia

Constipation

Bradycardia

Question What are the two main conditions responsible for chronic kidney disease?

Answer

Upper respiratory infections; asthma

Diabetes; breast cancer

Hypertension; diabetes

Myasthenia gravis; thrombocytopenia

Question What causes diabetes insipidus?

Answer

Insufficient insulin

Insufficient antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Overproduction of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Overproduction of insulin

Question

What condition leads to an excessive amount of growth hormone (GH) released by the

pituitary gland in adulthood after epiphyseal plates of the long bones have fused?

Answer Acromegaly

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Gigantism

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)

Dwarfism

Question What does dialysis do for the client with kidney disease?

Answer

Filter out bacteria causing infection

Removes fluid and wastes

Adds chemicals to help the kidneys

Prepares the client for transplant

Question What is the difference between diabetes mellitus type I and type II?

Answer

Type I is over production of insulin; Type II is lack of insulin

Type I is insulin resistance; Type II is due to lack of a pancreas

Type I is the lack of insulin; Type II is insulin resistance

Type I is insulin resistance; Type II is no pituitary influence

Question What is the main cause of first-time pancreatitis occurrences?

Answer

Gallstones

Alcoholism

Trauma

Hypercalcemia

Question What type of incontinence is caused by an increase with intraabdominal pressure due to

activities such as coughing or sneezing?

Answer

Neurogenic bladder

Stress

Urge

Overflow

Question When a client has abnormal functioning of the parathyroid glands this can result in

imbalances of which of the following electrolyte?

Answer

Sodium

Water

Calcium

Potassium

Question Which of the following are inflammatory bowel disorders?

Answer

Intussusception and ulcerative colitis

Intussusception and volvulus

Crohn's disease and volvulus

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease

Question Which of the following describe hematuria?

Answer Protein in the urine

Blood in the urine

Bacteria in the urine

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