1. What is a mechanical obstruction?
- Intestines blocked
outside,
insides the intestine walls,
or in the intestinal lumen
2. What happens to the intestines during a mechanical obstruction?
- Contents accumulate at and above the obstruction
Causes distention, edema, hypovolemia, hypovolemic shock, electrolyte imbalance
3. What are the signs and symptoms of mechanical obstruction?
- Mid abdominal cramping, pain, vomiting, obstipation (diarrhea in partial obstruction),
lack of flatus, peristaltic waves, absence of bowel sounds, abdominal rigidity,
tenderness.
4. What are the types of mechanical obstruction?
- Closed Loop
Strangulation
5. What are some complications of mechanical obstruction?
- sepsis, increased IAP leading to acute compartment syndrome
6. What are some causes of mechanical obstruction?
- adhesions, tumors, appendicitis, strictures, intussusception, volvulus, fibrosis, vascular
disorders
7. What are the treatments for mechanical obstruction?
- NPO, NGT (Salem sump tube), surgery
8. What is a non-mechanical obstruction?
- decreased or absent peristalsis due to neuromuscular disturbance (paralytic ileus)
9. What are symptoms of non-mechanical obstruction?
- constant, diffuse discomfort
10. What is an anorectal abscess?
- occurs due to destruction of bowel wall leading to infection
11. What are hemorrhoids?
- unnaturally swollen or distended veins in the anorectal region, internal above anal
sphincter, external below anal sphincter
12. What are the causes of hemorrhoids?
- Caused by increased abdominal pressure, pregnancy, straining, obesity, heart failure,
prolonged sitting/standing, strenuous exercise, weight lifting
13. How are hemorrhoids treated?
- Treated through constipation prevention, high fiber, high fluid diet, surgery
(hemorrhoidectomy)
14. What is colon cancer?
- most commonly adenocarcino
Category | Exam (elaborations) |
Release date | 2021-09-11 |
Pages | 15 |
Language | English |
Comments | 0 |
Sales | 0 |
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