Question 1

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A client with leukemia is being considered for a bone marrow transplant. The healthcare

team is discussing the risks and benefits of this treatment and other possible treatments

with the goal of inflicting the least possible harm on the client. Which principle of

healthcare ethics is the team practicing?

Justice

Fidelity

Correct!

Nonmaleficence

Autonomy

Rationale: Nonmaleficence is the avoidance of hurt or harm. Remember that in

healthcare ethics, ethical practice involves not only the will to do good but also the equal

commitment to do no harm. Healthcare professionals try to balance the risks and

benefits of a plan of care while striving to do the least possible harm. Justice refers to

fairness and equity and ensuring fair allocation of resources, such as nursing care for all

clients. Fidelity is the keeping of promises made to clients, families, and other

healthcare professionals. Autonomy refers to a person’s independence and represents

an agreement to respect another’s right to determine his or her course of action.

Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject - the ethical principle being utilized. Recall

the definition of each item in the options. Note the relationship of the words “least

possible harm” in the question and the definition of nonmaleficence. Review: principles

of healthcare ethics.

Reference: Potter, P., & Perry, A. (2009). Fundamentals of nursing (7thed., p. 314). St.

Louis: Mosby.

Cognitive Ability: Applying

Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Implementation

Content Area: Ethical/Legal

Giddens Concepts: Celluar Regulation, Ethics

HESI Concepts: Advocacy/Ethical/Legal Issues, Cellular Regulation

Question 2

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Which action by the nurse represents the ethical principle of beneficence?

The nurse provides equal amounts of care to all assigned clients on the basis of illness

acuity.

The nurse follows a plan of care designed to relieve pain in a client with cancer.

The nurse upholds a client’s decision to refuse chemotherapy for lung cancer.

Correct!

The nurse administers an immunization to a child even though it may cause discomfort.

Rationale: Beneficence is taking action to help others. Although administration of a

child’s immunization might cause discomfort, the benefits of protection from disease

outweigh the temporary discomfort. Fidelity is keeping promises made to clients,

families, and other healthcare professionals. Autonomy is a person’s independence.

Respecting another’s autonomy means that you are agreeing to respect that person’s

right to determine his or her course of action. Justice refers to fairness and equity,

including fair allocation of resources, such as nursing care for all clients.

Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, beneficence. Recalling that beneficence

refers to taking action to help others will direct you to the correct option. Review: the

principles of healthcare ethics .

Reference: Potter, P., & Perry, A. (2009). Fundamentals of nursing (7th ed., p. 314). St.

Louis: Mosby.

Cognitive Ability: Applying

Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Implementation

Content Area: Ethical/Legal

Giddens Concepts: Ethics, Immunity

HESI Concepts: Advocacy/Ethical/Legal Issues, Immunity

Question 3

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The nursing instructor asks a student to name an example of false imprisonment. Which

situation reflects a violation of this client right?

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Threatening to give a client a medication against his or her will

Correct!

Telling the client that he or she may not leave the hospital

Observing the provision of care to the client without the client’s permission

Performing a procedure without consent

Rationale: Telling a client that he or she may not leave the hospital constitutes false

imprisonment. Performing a procedure without consent is an example of battery.

Threatening to give a client a medication against his or her will is assault. Invasion of

privacy takes place with unreasonable intrusion into an individual’s private affairs.

Observing the provision of care to a client without the client’s permission is an example

of invasion of privacy.

Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, an example of false imprisonment. Note the

relationship of the subject and the words in the correct option. Review: the concept of

false imprisonment.

References: Cherry, B., & Jacob, S. (2008). Contemporary nursing issues: Trends &

management (4th ed., pp. 175, 176). St. Louis: Mosby.

Zerwekh, J., & Claborn, J. (2009). Nursing today: Transition and trends (6th ed., p. 424).

Cognitive Ability: Evaluating

Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning

Content Area: Ethical/Legal

Giddens Concepts: Health Care Law, Leadership

HESI Concepts: Advocacy/Ethical/Legal Issues, Health Policy/Systems—Health Care

Law

Question 4

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The nurse and an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)enter a client’s room to provide

care and find the client lying on the floor. Which action should the nurse take first?

Ask the nursing assistant to assist in getting the client back to bed

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Contact the unit secretary on the intercom and ask that the client’s health care provider

be called

Correct!

Check the client’s level of consciousness and vital signs

Ask the nursing assistant to complete an incident report

Rationale: When a client sustains a fall, the nurse must first assess the client. The nurse

should check the client’s level of consciousness and vital signs and look for any bruises

or injuries sustained in the fall. If the nurse determines that the client has not sustained

any injuries and that it is safe to move the client, the nurse should ask the UAP to assist

in getting the client into bed. The nurse should then contact the health care provider and

file an incident report.

Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic word “first.” Use the steps of the nursing

process to answer the question. The correct option is the only one that addresses

assessment. Remember to always assess the client first if a client sustains a fall.

Review: client injuries and procedures for filing incident reports .

References: Ignatavicius, D., & Workman, M. (2010). Medical-surgical nursing: Patient–

centered collaborative care (6th ed., p. 180). St. Louis: Saunders.

Potter, P., & Perry, A. (2009). Fundamentals of nursing (7th ed., p. 403). St. Louis:

Mosby.

Cognitive Ability: Applying

Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Implementation

Content Area: Delegating/Prioritizing

Giddens Concepts: Mobility, Safety

HESI Concepts: Mobility, Safety

Question 5

1 / 1 pts

Which action exemplifies the use of evidence-based practice in the delivery of client

care?

Taking a rectal temperature from a client for whom bleeding precautions have been

instituted

Encouraging a client to take an herbal substance to treat his insomnia

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