1. GERD Occurs from backward flow of stomach contents 2. GERD is caused by Hiatal hernia, h pylori, pregnancy, right clothing (gurdles), ascites. 3. What can GERD cause? Hyperemia (increased blood flow) and erosion can occur in response to chronic inflammation 4. Important patient education for GERD? Healthy eating habits, limit alcohol, quit smoking, sitting up right for 1-2 hours after eating, lose weight. 5. Detections of GERD Indigestion, regurgitation, coughing, flatulence, dysphasia, odynophagia, belching, nausea. 6. Diagnostic assessment of GERD Barium swallow, EGD, pH monitoring, gastric emptying study 7. Who are at risk for developing severe complications associated with GERD? ** Age related, medication side effects, increased prevalence of hiatal hernias. ** 8. Nursing diagnoses for patient with GERD? ** -potential for compromised nutrition status due to dietary selection -a cute pain due to reflux of gastric contents 9. Non pharm nursing interventions for patients with GERD? ** Avoid large meals, smoking cessation, avoid eating 3 hours before bed, elevate HOB, right side lying, wt reduction, straining bent over, constrictive clothing 10.Meds for GERD? * Antacids, histamine blockers, PPIs 11.A patient with a hiatal hernia may report? * -feelings of fullness, breathlessness, feeling of suffocation, and chest pain* 12.With hernias it is important to ask -dysphagia, feelings of fullness, chest pain. 13.symptoms of a hiatal hernia are usually associated with angina or cardiac arrest 14.how do you differentiate between a hiatal hernia and heart problems? symptoms worsen after a meal 15.Nissen fundoplication anchors the lower esophageal sphincter below the diaphragm by wrapping and suturing the gastric funds around the esophagus 16.Most esophageal tumors are: malignant but some are benign but they usually spread quickly 17.Esophageal tumors are known as: "Silent tumors" 18.One of the main concerns with esophageal cancer concern weight loss due to dysphagia 19.NG tube after esophageal surgery -check tube every 4-8 hours -secure tube to prevent dislodgment -tube is patent and draining (bloody to yellow green) -do not reposition tube without physician request -provide nasal hygiene every 2-4 hours -HOB at 30 degrees -Observe for leakage from anatomies site 20.Before placing a NG tube it is important to check placement with x-ray 21.Manifestations of early shock of NG tube tachycardia, tachypnea, and AMS 22.chronic gastritis types: -Type A: non erosive inflammation of the glands, funds, body of the stomach. -Type B: glands of Antrum and stomach (chronic affects all layers of stomach)