NR-442 Community Health Nursing

NR 442 Exam #1

Qwivy | Qwivy.com | www.qwivy.com

Descriptive Epidemiology

- focuses on who, what, when, where, person, place, time

Analytic Epidemiology

- focuses on causes and association, how any why, individual, social,

communal, environmental

Crude rate

- the total population

Specific rate

- subgroup of the population

Attack rate

- new cases in those exposed who develop disease divided by total # exposed

Morbidity rate

- the extent that illness or disease sx are present and affecting a population

Qwivy | Qwivy.com | www.qwivy.com

- high: colds, low mortality

- low: Ebola, high mortality 

Mortality rate

- the number of deaths as a result of a disease or health event

- crude rate = overall death rate

Prevalence

- all existing cases at a given point in time, including new cases

Incidence (See above pic)

- new cases of illness or injury within a time frame

Incident Rate

- # Of new cases of a specific disease / population at risk x 100,000

Find the incident rate: 282 new cases of TB, total population is 4,462,435

- 6.3

Prevalence rate

- # Of all cases / population at risk x 100,000 

Find the prevalence rate: 218 existing cases, 282 new, total population 4,462,435

- 218+282/total pop x 100,000

What has biggest impact on health demographics?

- poverty

Endemic

Qwivy | Qwivy.com | www.qwivy.com

- approximate, ongoing occurrence, consistent

Malaria: endemic, epidemic, or pandemic?

- endemic in many countries (constantly present at the same level)

Valley Fever: endemic, epidemic, or pandemic

- endemic in Arizona

Epidemic

- larger number of people infected at the same time, higher incidence and

prevalence, higher than usual rate

not necessarily based on large numbers

Pandemic

- effecting extremely high numbers of people, worldwide

AIDS: endemic, epidemic, or pandemic?

- pandemic 

Epi triangle

- host, agent, 

Qwivy | Qwivy.com | www.qwivy.com