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ATI Nutrition Proctored Study Guide

Part 1: General Notes

Part 2: Focused Review Notes

Part 3: ATI Rational with Additional/Supported Information

PART 1: GENERAL NOTES (Important Facts)

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• Be wary of questions regarding children drinking too much milk i.e. more than 3-4 cups of milk

each day. Too much milk intake reduces intake of other essential nutrients, especially iron. Watch

for anemia with milk-aholics.

• Vitamin D’s presence is required by the parathyroid gland, in order for it to function.

• If the patient is taking digoxin or K-supplements, avoid salt substitutes because many are

potassium based

• Potassium Sources: bananas, potatoes, citrus fruits, tomatoes

• No milk (as well as fresh fruit or veggies) on neutropenic precautions.

• Nondairy( lactose intolerant) sources of calcium include RHUBARB, SARDINES, COLLARD

GREENS 24

• Nonfat milk reduces reflux by increasing lower esophageal sphincter pressure

• Yogurt has live cultures, so do not give to immunosuppressed patients helps with constipation

• No phenylalanine with a kid positive for PKU (no meat, no dairy, no aspartame). 2x month

(bilirubin

• Pernicious Anemia : b12

• Digestion enzyme : pepcin

• Dry mouth : offer citrus

• Hummas has more protein then PB

• Acid Ash diet: cheese, corn, cranberries, plums, prunes, meat, poultry, pastry, bread

• Alk Ash diet: milk, veggies, rhubarb, salmon

• Glycogen is the stored carbohydrate energy source found in the liver and muscles. It is a vital

source of back up energy but is only available in limited supply. Break down of liver Glycogen.

• Gallbladder and liver : digesting fats

• Fat provides energy

• Malnourishment: ankle edema 

PART 2: Focused Review Notes

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Manifestations of Vitamin A Toxicity

• Can cause teratogenic effects on fetuses

• Blurred vision

• Bone pain or swelling

• Hypercalcemia

• ICP

• Liver damage

• Skin peeling, itching

• Nausea and vomiting

• Abnormal softening of the skull bone (children) and bulging fontanels

Planning Care for a Client Who Follows Seventh-Day Adventist Dietary Laws

• Vegetarianism

o Do not consume animal products of any type INCLUDING eggs and milk

products.

o Vitamin B12 and Vitamin D supplements may be needed with a pure vegan diet.

• Vegan diets are adequate in protein due to intake of nuts and legumes (dried peas and

cooked beans).

Initiating Continuous Enteral Feeding

• This is recommended for critically ill patients because it is associated with small residual

volumes, and a lower risk of aspiration and diarrhea.

• Residual volumes should be measures q4-6hrs.

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• Feeding tubes should be flushed with water q4hr to maintain patency and hydration.

• If patient’s gastric volume exceeds 500ml, the continuous feeding should be HELD and

tolerance reassessed.

o In children, residual volumes should be measured and held if the amount is equal

to or greater than ¼the prescribed feeding amount.

• Residual should be returned and the amount rechecked in 30min to 1hr.

Recommendations for Nutritional Supplement

• Add skim milk to powder milk (double strength milk)

• Use whole milk instead of water recipes

• Add cheese, peanut butter, chopped hard-boiled eggs, yogurt.

• Dip meats in eggs or milk and coat with bread crumbs before cooking.

• Nuts and dried beans are significant sources of protein great alternatives to dairy

allergy or lactose intolerance!

• Lactose intolerance : soy cheese

Most common allergy is soy and cow’s milk usually grow out of it by 4 years of

age 

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