MDC 1 Final Exam Study Guide

1. Scleroderma

a. AKA systemic sclerosis

b. Rare autoimmune connective tissue disorder

c. Abnormal thickening of the skin

d. Secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon can occur

2. Lupus

a. 2 classifications:

i. Discoid (affects the skin)

ii. Systemic (causes major body organs to fail) (has remission and exacerbations, causes direct

damage and causes vasculitis which deprives organ of blood and oxygen) (Butterfly rash across

the nose, nephritis, pericarditis, Raynaud’s phenomenon)

b. Lupus nephritis is the leading cause of death for lupus because of the damage done to the kidneys

3. Rheumatoid arthritis

a. Autoimmune inflammatory systemic disease of the synovial joints. CD4+ helper cellsstimulate release of

cytokine release, stimulates neutrophils to break down cartilage. Steroids

4. CREST Syndrome

a. Multisystem connective tissue disorder

b. Calcinosis

c. Raynaud’s phenomenon

d. Esophageal dysfunction

e. Sclerodactyly (thickening and tightening of skin of fingers and hands)

f. Telangiectasia (dilation of capillaries, red marks on surface on skin)

5. Reynaud’s

a. Think of Elsa from Frozen (cold hands and feet); can’t get a pulse Ox because fingers are too cold

b. Risk factors for primary Reynaud’s:sex, age, climate, family history

c. Secondary Reynaud’s: happens as a result of another illness